28 Dana on the Classification of Animals 
Of these three subdivisions both among the Pteroprosthenies 
and Pterometasthenics—the first and second grand divisions of 
Insects—the two higher are typical, of different grades, and the 
third is hypotypic. The same is true of the three subdivisions 
of each the Apipens and Amplipens, or the first and second 
grand divisions of the Pteroprosthenics. This is exhibited in 
the following table, in which the grades are expressed by the 
Same terms as in Article L 
: Pteroprosthenics. | Pterometasthenics. | Apipens. Amplipens. 
Betatypic, Apipens. Coleopters. || Hymenopters. | Lepidopters. 
Gammatypic,| Amplipens. | Hemipters. ipters. omopters. 
Hypotypic, | Attenuates. Orthopters. || Aphanipters. | Trichopters. 
In the third or hypotypic division of both the Pteroprosthenics — 
and Pterometasthenics, on the contrary, the first and second 
the three subdivisions appear to be hypertypic groups, while the 
Uurd is typical; and the hypertypic groups are more or Jess 
closely representatives respectively of the first and second grand 
divisions, as follows: 
or N europters. nibert 2 be 
AT otertent : : \ Coleopteroids, 
ypertypic, Apipenniforms. } oS Caketa: 
B-Hypertypic, : : bee ae 
yper pic, Amplipenniforms, ar Ambala 
Typical, Perattenuates. Saltators. 
Methods of cephalization, or decephalization, at the basis of the succes 
sive grades of subdivisions, | 
A. In the subkingdom of Articulates, as shown by the writer 
and long held by Agassiz, the classes oF 
special methods of decephalization laid down, ( : 
In passing from Crustaceans to Worms, the methods illustrated 
are the analytic, in the resolution of the bod mostly into its 
‘Rormal annuli; the multiplicative, in the indefinite number 
ca") 
et 
bo 
Segments; the elliptic, in the al 
y 
~~ 
