168 Dana on the Classification of Animals 
even in horns and the odd or even in the toes. The true dis 
tinction with regard to the horns appears to be that already 
mentioned :—that the Sthenorhines have only the nose—not the 
forehead—elongated or amplificated through a growth of horns, 
and this is an epidermic amplification, while among the Stheno- 
meres, an inferior group, the bony structure of the forehead 18 
a | ie + 
4Vul 
If it be sustained that the Camelopard has a central horn on the 
front of the head, as has been claimed and recently reaffirm | 
a case of an odd or medial horn occurs among the Paridigilalts; 
but it is a forehead-horn. : 
We should therefore make the statement thus: a 
The Sthenorhines, gross-amplificate species, may have one or 
two nasal epidermic horns, or horns proceeding from the eacoskelelan. 
e Sthenomeres, Jong-amplificate species, may have two or 
more frontal bony horns, or horns proceeding from the endoskelelon. 
In addition, the exoskeleton, under this inferior type, ‘sometimes 
contributes large epidermic additions in the shape of sheaths to 
the horns, as well as hoofs to the feet. l= | 
III:The third group of Herbivores includes only the Sirenvans 
—aquatic species that fail of hind-limbs, like Whales, rit” 
various marks of superiority to the Mutilates, as already brielf 
indicated. UG: oe 
The grand divisions of the tribe of Herbivores, which ren 
n pointed out and elucidated in the preceding pages, Lae 
e further application 2 = is 
principle of cephalization. In connection, one or two © ait 2 
more prominent distinctions of the higher groups are mentlion’™ 
Synopsis of the proposed classification of Herbivores, 
I. Sthenorhines. 8 
Prosthenie. Snout servin g as a power-organ, usually elongt e 
ed. Gross-amplificate, rarely long-amplificate in extinct § a 
Horns, when any, proceeding from the exoskeleton alone, | | = 
1. ProgoscrpEans.—Snout an organ of digital as ae ; 
rachial prehension. Imparidigitate. Ac 
tS Elephantids: , 
2.) Dinotherids. (?). te 
2. TAPIRIDEANS.—Snout imperfectly, or not at all, prehensil 
ve there never being prehension at the extremity (oT digital | 
_hension). Imparidigitate. ae 
(1) Rhinocerotids —Having a nasal horn. 
