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A. Tylor on the Amiens Gravel. 319 
tions of clay and sand and in the amount of angular flints con- 
tained in it throughout the whole area. I have, however, 
remarked a reddish friable brick-earth on the terraces fringing 
the Somme at Longueau, ninety feet above the sea, This is 
cand of the same character as that in the similar terrace at 
Neuville and Montiers. This brick-earth is very similar to that 
of the river Lea; indeed at Clapton there is a well-marked 
terrace of brick-earth bounding the marshes, which are com- 
posed of gravel. The Clapton terrace is higher than that of 
the Somme at Amiens, and reposes on London clay, instead of 
chalk as at Amiens. 
This low escarpment of loess is to be seen for a great many 
miles eastward along the Somme; and, from the angle at which 
faces the river, with its flat top, it so resembles a military 
earthwork that it is often regarded as artificial. I have meas- 
ured the escarpment at five or six points; and the angles vary 
from 20° to 40°, the average being 35° (figs. 9 and 10.) 
In the Saveuse valley the angles are also various. I have 
often remarked similar escarpments in England. I madea note 
Fig. 9.—Section near Cagny, in the valley of the Arve. Loess Terrace 
just above the level of Marsh. 
- 
of aseries of terraces, seven in number, one over the other, on 
the chalk hills, on the north side of the Somme valley, about 
tne tiles from Amiens, on the Paris line; and, indeed, in the 
‘pace of ten miles you may see twenty small lateral valleys 
Fig. 10.—Se ction three-quarters of a mile south of M. Daill’s house 
(valley of the Arve,) Loess Terrace. 
°pening into the Somme, with escarpments as distinct and well 
marked as those drawn of the Saveuse val 
ley. 2 | 
— by the vere Steps cut in the brick-earth of the Saveuse valley 
by the 
peasants to enable them to get up the steep sides; but 
