380 G. F. Barker—Physiological Chemistry. 
stimulus to the production of sugar by the liver, was demon- 
strated by showing that this function ceased entirely on dividing 
the pneumogastric nerves of both sides in the vicinity of the 
eart. 
(3.) The same year, C.G. Lrnmann published* the results 
of an extended research on the relative composition of portal 
and hepatic blood, made in order to elucidate the function of 
the liver. The experiments were made with horses; their food 
consisted of 23 lbs. rye-bran, 2 lbs. chopped straw and 2 Ibs. 
hay, and they were killed by injecting air into the jugular vem, 
5 or 10 hours after eating. The blood was collected without 
admixture, and minutely examined. After describing the phys- 
ical and morphological characters of the two varieties of blood, 
their chemical differences are considered. Portal blood contains 
fibrin, normal in amount and in properties; hepatic blood con- 
tains none, As to sugar, though abundant in the im 
canal during the digestion of a mixed diet, Lehmann found 
the residue of the blood, was precipitated by a freshly pre 
alcoholic solution of potassic hydrate, the precipitate dissolved 
in water containing tartaric acid, and examined either by ' 
mentation or a copper-test. In portal blood 0°055 ber 
(calculated on the dry residue) of sugar was found, and m 
serum ‘0052 per cent. In the hepatic veins on the other hand, 
In three experiments, . 
dried residue of this blood eave 0°635, 0°893, and 0°776 peroe 
tains so much more saccharine matter than the portal, the 
scarcely bea doubt of the formation of sugar by theliver. — 
remarkable disappearance of fibrin from the portal blood, po 
salicin and similar substances, split into sugar and some of 
body containing their nitrogen. ume- 
(4.) Ina paper published in 1851, Bavatert, after eT 
rating the intimate relations which exist between the i an- 
carbo-hydrates, and alluding to their rare occurrence 19 ee! 
imal organism, notices Bernard’s investigations, - of 
them by experiments of his own. From 6 pounds © yo) 
sheep’s livers, he obtained 3 scruples of 70 pet cent | 
* Ber. d. . d. Wiss. in Leipzig, ; »» lili, 205. se 
jf Jaitosh @ chles Genelisch, Eaten Cutan tole ais J: we Ob 
; OV. 
