New Principles of Gardening. 
Before I proceed any further, I fhall mention an 4bu/e which 
moft Fruit and other Zrees receive as are bought of Nur /fery- 
Men, which is the cutting and bruzfing their Roots in taking 
out of the Nurfery, and breaking them in packing up: A 
Crime unpardonable. 
If by Tranfportation the Roots of Trees are very dry, ’tis 
good to lay their Roots (but not Top alfo) ina Pond for twenty 
four Hours before you plant them. 
When Trees are above Ground, and their being planted pre- 
vented by Frof, ’tis beft to put them in a Ce//ar, cover’d clofe 
from the 47r, Sc. and when the Froft is gone, foak their 
Roots in Water, as before directed. 
The Diftances before deliver’d for Wall Trees holds good 
in Dwarfs and Efpalliers 5 as Efpalliers and Wall-Trees are 
planted with an Inclination to the Z/paliers or Walls, fo on 
the contrary, Dwarfand Standard Trees muft be planted ex- 
actly perpendicular. 
The Height of Dwarf Trees, when firtt planted, muft be 
regulated to the Land wherein they are planted. If the Land 
is ary, fix laches above the Graft is a good Height; but if a 
moift Land, about eight or nine. 
Standards in any Land whatfoever fhould be headed at fix 
or feven Foot at moft, except where particular Trees are re- 
quired for high Walls, &c. that People may not eafily come at 
the Fruit, Se. 
When Standard.or Dwarf Apple-Trees are planted, the 
Place of Grafting fhould be placed even with the Surface of 
the Ground, if it does not caufe the Roots to be too deep, which 
muft always be avoided. 
Where any Frait-Tree decays having grown long in that. 
Place, plant another of a different Species in its Place, and 
not one of the fame, for the o/d Tree having exhaufted thofe 
Juices appropriate to its own Kind, will /farve your new-plant- 
ed Tree, when at the fame Time another of a different kind 
will thrive, and profper very well. 
Hence it appears, that every Plant hath its peculiar Juice , 
by which ’tis iupported;) and therefore the Earth contains as 
great a Variety of Juices as of Plants, ©. 
But 
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