SECTION ON EAST SIDE OF THE CUYAHOGA VALLEY. 337 



along Clark avenue, and its tunnel beneath the river has been already 

 noticed. \Vhere the water trench and cutting for street grading pass up 

 the east bluff, the section (shown by figure 2) consisted of the following 

 deposits, in descending order : 



1. Sand and cla3'^ey loam, yellowish, forming the surface soil and extending to a 

 depth of 2 to 5 feet. 



2. Till, imperfectly stratified, yellowish, containing many small rock fragments 

 up to 4 or 5 inches in diameter, within a short distance varying in thickness from 

 5 to 10 feet. 



3. Sand and gravel, horizontally stratified, with occasional oblique bedding, yel- 

 lowish above, gray below, mostly sand, but enclosing frequent thin gravelly layers 

 with pebbles up to an inch or rarely two inches in diameter, about 25 feet. 



4. Dark bluish clay, probably all more or less stratified, but scarcely discernibly 

 so in the fresh excavation, containing only rare rock fragments up to 3 or 4 inches 

 in diameter, 15 to 20 feet. This seems to represent the usually laminated and 

 very pebbly upper part of the "Erie clay " or till. 



2S2S: 



^a 









Figure 2. — Section on Clark Avenue. 

 IvCngth, 800 feet ; height, 125 feet, 



5. Sand and fine gravel, of gray color, very distinctly horizontally stratified, hav- 

 ing its upper two feet somewhat interbedded with the dark clay, six feet or more. 



6. Till, probably forming the talus-covered lower part of the bluff; extending 

 much deeper and tunneled beneath the river, underlying the shallow alluvium (7) 

 of the bottomland. 



The height of this bluff is about 110 feet above the bottomland and 125 

 feet above the river and lake. Its uppernfost deposit of till is apparently 

 correlative with the upper till of the Rocky river section, and both seem 

 to me probably clue to a moderate re-advance of the ice border when it 

 formed the moraine which Mr Leverett has traced from this vicinity 

 through Newburg and onward to the head of the Cuyahoga river. The 

 next underlying sand and gravel appear to be a delta deposit carried 

 into the lake to a considerable depth by this river during a part of the 

 time of formation of the Leipsic beach. 



In the brick-clay excavations noted as examined at a distance of one- 

 fourth to three-fourths of a mile south of East Clark avenue Mr Piwonka 

 and the writer found that the stratum numbered 2 is in some places 

 typical till, with no marks of stratification, as was seen most notably close 

 northeast of the railroad an eighth of a mile west of Petrie street. It 



