MEMOIR OF JAMES D. DANA. 473 



the government. Such, for example, as exploring expeditions, like the 

 voyage of the Beagle and the memorable researches of Darwin, the United 

 States exploring expedition and the no less memorable researches of 

 Dana, and the later expeditions of the Poreupine, the Challenger, the Blake, 

 and the Albatross, with their brilliant results. In the same category, also, 

 would come great government institutions like the Smithsonian, the 

 National Museum, and the scientific bureaus like the United States 

 Geological Survey, with their army of workers. Doubtless investigations 

 may thus be carried out on a scale impossible for universities. Doubt- 

 less- many kinds of work could not be undertaken in any other way. 

 Doubtless many investigations may thus be pushed along certain lines 

 much farther than in any other way ; but even in these there is no com- 

 plete divorce of research from teaching. Even here the same law of 

 action and reaction must prevail. Productive work is always conditioned 

 on and proportioned to the communication of results ; receiving is condi- 

 tioned on and in proportion to giving, only in this case the giving is 

 indirect — that is, by publication, instead of direct and personal contact. 

 But no one, I think, will deny the more stimulating effect of the direct, 

 personal relation of the teacher and the taught. Real eff'ective teaching 

 is largely the result of personal magnetism. The communication of 

 scientific spirit and scientific enthusiasm, the contagion of noble thought 

 and high purpose, is even more important than the actual information 

 imparted. That Dana was a great teacher in this higher sense cannot be 

 doubted by any one who knew his clearness of thought and statement, 

 his boundless scientific enthusiasm, and his sincere love of earnest young 

 learners.* 



It is impossible, however, even if it were desirable, to separate the 

 teacher from the man, for surely the man himself teaches more and better 

 than all his words. It does not become me to speak at any length on 

 this subject. I dare not enter the inner sanctuary of home and home 

 relations, but what he was there is easily seen by traits of character Avhich 

 were patent to all. No one could be in his company, much less sit under 

 his tuition, without being impressed and charmed with his simple earn- 

 estness of character, his ardent love of truth for its own sake, and there- 

 fore the perfect truthfulness of his innermost nature In all his writings 

 there appear an open receptiveness of mind, a perfect justness of judg- 

 ment concerning the work of others, wholly unconditioned by self, and 

 a perfect willingness to modify his own views or even to correct an error. 

 A notable example of this is found in his final acceptance of evolution in 



*For fuller illustrations of this the reader is referred to an article by Farrington. Jour, of 

 Geology, vol. 3, 1895, p. 335. 



