232 TEN years' progress in vertebrate paleontology 



and Miocene fish faunas of Maryland and New Jersey have been described 

 in reports published by the geological surveys of these States, and several 

 minor contributions have appeared on Tertiary fishes from the western 

 States, more especially Colorado, N'evada, and California. Most recently 

 of all. President D. S. Jordan^^ has described an interesting collection of 

 fish remains from presumably Lower Eocene deposits of Bahia, Brazil, 

 thus supplementing his earlier studies in conjunction with Professor 

 Branner upon the Cretaceous Fishes of the Province of Ceara, Brazil 

 (1908). During the year just closed, also, fresh discoveries of Tertiary 

 fishes have been reported from Kamerun, from near Benito, in the 

 French Congo, and elsewhere on the west coast of equatorial Africa. 



CORRELATION AND PALEOGEOaRAPHY ^ 

 BY HENRY FAIRFIELD OSBORN 



CONTENTS 



Page 



Introductory 232 



General contributors of the past decade 234 



Correlation of American Tertiaries 234 



Middle and Upper Eocene 237 



Lower Eocene 239 



Oligocene 245 



Miocene 248 



Pliocene 249 



Pleistocene 250 



South America 251 



Europe 253 



Asia 253 



Partial bibliography of Paleogeography, 1900-1912 254 



Introductory 



Correlation and paleogeography^ are the sister offspring of geology and 

 paleontology ; correlation is, therefore, at once paleontologic and geologic ; 

 paleogeography should be based on both paleobotany and vertebrate and 

 invertebrate paleontology, or past biotas, or faunas or floras, studied con- 

 jointly with all the geologic data available. 



A narrow perspective, absolutely certain to lead to temporary or incon- 



" D. S. Jordan : Description of a collection of Fossil Fishes from the Bituminous 

 Shales at Riacho Doce, State of Alagoas, Brazil. Annals Carnegie Museum, 1911, vol. 

 vii, No. 2. 



1 Address before the Paleontological Society, December 29, 1911. Special appropria- 

 tions have been made from the Bache Fund of the National Academy of Sciences for the 

 prosecution of research in correlation. 



2 See bibliography, 1900-1912, on pages 254-256. 



