366 E. K. CUMINGS POSITION OF THE MONTICULIPOROIDS 



two groups vanishes with the certain evidence presented by me in 1904 

 and 1905 as to the intimate relations between the Cryptostomata and 

 the C^yclostomata. The wonderfully typical development of the protoe- 

 cium in Fenesiella, together with the typically bryozoan order of bud- 

 ding and the morphology of the ancestrula and primary buds, leave no 

 doubt on this point. 



The morphology of the primary individual of the Trepostomata colony 

 suggests interesting relationships with the Cyclostomata. I believe, how- 

 ever, as I stated in 1905, that the two orders are cognate and do not 

 stand in a linear relation one to the other. 



In figure 32 of the present paper is shown the interesting fact that in 

 Prasopora the arrangement of the zooecia in the maculae is the same as in 

 the initial region of the colony This section cuts at the level m-m\ 

 figTire 20 — that is, far enough above the ancestrula to show the normal 

 ephebastic characters of the colony. This arrangement of zooecia in the 

 maculae has not yet been fully investigated. It lends some support 

 to the view that maculse and monticules are suppressed or aborted 

 branches — that is, there is a rhythmic tendency to branch — but usually 

 the process stops with the establishment of the appropriate arrangement 

 of the zooecia, which is the same as the arrangement at the base of the 

 primary stock of the colony. It may go slightly further and give rise to 

 an elevated group of zooecia, or monticule. 



Eeferences 



1. J. Barrois: Recherches sur I'embryogenie des Biyozoaires. Lille, 1877. 



2. R. S. Bassler : Proceedings of the U. S. National Museum, volume xxvi, 



Washington, 1903, pages 565-591. 



3. C. E. Beecher : Transactions of the Connecticut Academy of Science, vol- 



ume viii, New Haven, 1891, pages 207-220. 



4. H. M. Bernard: Catalogue of the Madreporaria of the British Museum, 



volume ii, London, 189G. 



.5. : Idem, volume iii, London, 1897. 



0. E. R. Cumings : American Journal of Science, volume xvii, New Haven, 



1904, pages 49-78. 



7. : Idem, volume xx. New Haven. 1905, pages 109-177. 



8. Lacaze-Duthiers : Histoire Naturelle du Corail. Paris, 1864. 



9. G. Lindstrom : Annals of Natural History, series iv. volume xviii, 1876. 



10. H. A. Nicholson : On the structure and affinities of the Genus Montieuli- 



pora. London, 1881. 



11. F. W. Sardeson : Journal of Geology, volume ix. Chicago, 1901, pages 1-27, 



14'9-173. 



