CORRELATIONS OF FRECH AND OTHERS 



263 



with all of the Spirifer hercynias zone, or the Lower Coblenzian, and the 

 upper portion of the Siegen of the Rhine. This is exactly the view ar- 

 rived at by the writer before he knew of Freeh's conclusions. 



In the Lower Devonic of England, at Looe, in Cornwall, a fauna occurs 

 which Kayser* says is in harmony with that of the Siegen grauwacke. 

 As far as the writer is able to judge, this correlation is not only correct 

 for the Rhineland, but also is in harmony with the Oriskany. Possibly 

 a similar fauna occurs in the Lynton slates of North Devon, England. 



In this review of the Lower Devonic faunas of Europe, there are none 

 which seem to be the direct equivalent of the American Lower Helder- 

 berg. Therefore a review will now be made of Barrande's etage F, often 

 regarded as lowest Lower Devonic. 



The greatest number of American Lower Helderberg specific equiva- 

 lents exist among the brachiopods. These are in the Konieprussian of 

 etage F 2 . However, it should here be borne in mind that etage F 2 con- 

 tains two distinct zones — stratigraphically, lithologically, and paleon- 

 tologically — the Konieprussian and Menian. This has recently been 

 pointed out by Kayser and Holzappel,t and they correlate the Menian 

 limestones with the basal Middle Devonic of the Eifel, or the beds char- 

 acterized by Spirifer cultrijugatus. This horizon appears to be about that 

 of the Corniferous. Freeh J tabulates the lower Devonic of Bohemia as 

 follows : 



" Gx. Nodular limestone of Tetin with Odontocheile. 



Deep sea. 



Red flaggy limestone of Menian (=Greifenstein) with 

 Agoniatites fidelis, crinoidal limestone with trilobites, 

 F 2 in part. Goniatites, smooth brachiopods. 



Fairly deep sea. (Oriskany (part), Cauda- galli, and 

 Schoharie grit). 



White coral-reef limestone of Koniepruss, massive, with 



t? i« ™,* numerous corals, brachiopods, capulids, and nests of 

 * 2 m part. trilobites . 



Shallow sea. (Lower Helderberg and Oriskany.) 



Black flaggy limestone of Kosorsch with deep-sea sponges, 

 F r palseoconchs, and Hercynella bohemica. 

 Very deep sea. (Lower Helderberg.) 



E 2 . Upper Silurian." 



* Text-book of Comp. Geology, p. 105. 



f Jahrb. tier k. k. geolog. Reichsanstalt, Band 44, Heft 3, 1894. 



% Letheea geognostica, pp. 188, 256. 



