BULLETIN OF THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 

 VOL. 11, PP. 455-460, PLS. 41-42 JUNE 22, 1900 



GLACIAL ORIGIN OF OLDER PLEISTOCENE IN GAY HEAD 



CLIFFS, WITH NOTE ON FOSSIL HORSE 



OF THAT SECTION 



BY J. B. WOODWORTH 



{Read before the Society December 28, 1899) 



CONTENTS 



Page 



Conclusions derived from previous studies of Gay Head cliffs 455 



Contents of the deposit 456 



Structure of the deposit 456 



Glaciated pebbles in the deposit 457 



Relation of deposits to the subterrane 457 



Correlation of deposits with Columbia formation 458 



Interpretation of Columbia epoch 458 



Note on Gay Head fossil horse 459 



Occurrence in other localities 459 



The " osseous conglomerate " 459 



Astragalus of horse from osseous conglomerate 459 



Professor Osborn's opinion on age of the horse 459 



Conclusions derived from previous Studies of Gay Head Cliffs 



In volume 8 of the Bulletin of the Society the writer described some 

 of the characters of a boulder bed in the Gay Head cliffs and gave 

 reasons for believing it to form the base of the Pleistocene deposits of 

 the New England islands, at the same time pointing out its correlation 

 with the Columbia of McGee.* In an earlier paper by Professor Shaler f 

 a section "was presented in which the geological position and distribu- 

 tion of this bed were indicated. The possible transportation of the frag- 

 ments in this bed by some form of ice action was implied, but beyond 

 the size of the boulders found in it, no direct evidence of glacial agencies 

 had been discovered until April of this year. As the glacial origin of 



*Bull. Geol. Soe. Am., vol. 8, pp. 197-212. 

 tBull. Geol. Soe. Am., vol. 1, 1889, pi. 9. 



(455) 



