POST-TERTIARY FOSSILIFEROUS DEPOSITS. 31 



Mr. Binnie sums up the general results as follows : — " Between fifty and sixty bores 

 have been obtained having sand, gravel, or clay, true water-drifted materials, inter- 

 stratified with or lying beneath Boulder Clay. Twenty -five of these have one bed of sand 

 or clay intercalated between two beds of Boulder Clay, proving that one break occurred. 

 Ten bores have two beds of sand or clay intercalated between three beds of Boulder Clay ; 

 showing, of course, so many more breaks. One bore has three, and two bores have four 

 beds of sand, interpolated in Boulder Clay ; while one bore has no less than five beds of 

 sand alternating with Boulder Clay, — a number sufficient to prove that the ice-sheet was 

 not continuous throughout the Glacial Epoch, but disappeared for periods so long that 

 great beds of water-made debris could be deposited in the interval. Twenty bores have 

 sand or gravel at the bottom and Boulder Clay above. Some of these may possibly be 

 preglacial and synchronous with the Crag period of England, but they are probably inter- 

 glacial, and only apparently preglacial from accidental causes easily supposable." ^ 



It must be remembered, however, that the district covered by these bores would 

 probably be more or less directly connected with the bed of a glacial river, debouching 

 mto the sea, and be peculiarly aJBFected, therefore, by the summer meltings of the ice. A 

 large part of it also has undoubtedly been covered by floating ice charged with debris 

 during the later portions of the Glacial Epoch. 



At Windmillcroft, sixteen feet above the sea, the following Ostracoda have been 

 found : 



SclerocJdlus contortus (Norman), 

 Cytheropteron latissimum (Norman). 



3. Stobcuoss Railway-Cutting (Glasgow). 



In this cutting a section nearly half a mile in length is exposed, between Galbraith 

 Street on the east and Sandyford Street on the west, to a depth of forty feet from the 

 surface. 



At the west end it passes through a layer of Boulder Clay 300 yards in length and 

 37 feet at its highest summit. On the east, where the knoll dips more rapidly than on 

 the west, it is overlapped by a fine yellow sand, which, after continuing a little further 

 eastward, is replaced by gravel. 



On the north side of the cutting a series of sands, clays, and gravels abuts against 

 the Boulder Clay, and stretches over it. The sand overlies the gravel, which is covered 

 with the clay, and the clay at some points is overlain by sand. There is no definite 

 order, however, in which the sands, gravels, and clays of this neighbourhood fixedly 



1 Ibid., p. 136. 



