14 CARBONIFEROUS ENTOMOSTRACA. 



2. Cypridina radiata. Sp. nov. Plate V, figs. 6 a — 6/. 



Mr. John Young, of Glasgow, has found in a black shale of the Airdrie Blackband 

 Ironstone of the "Upper Coal-measures" of the Glasgow district numerous rusty 

 longitudinally oval CypridincB, much resembling C. primceva (especially figs. 25 and 27) 

 in shape, but larger, with deeper and lower notch, and characterized by a beautiful radiate 

 shell-structure. Being mostly squeezed in the shale, they vary in outline, in relative size, 

 and in depth of notch. 



The exterior bears a rough, blebby, reticulate surface, with minute subconvex 

 meshes ; and these are often broken away, leaving subhexagonal linear meshes. The 

 inner laminae of the shell (brown) exhibit groups of vascular radii, consisting of about 

 fifteen delicate furrows (and their casts), some bifurcate, radiating from a small round 

 space (a pit, as seen from within), less distinct in some specimens and most apparent in 

 the scaled interior of others. Where the furrows are coarse there are about seven or 

 eight of these vascular stars across the valve, and nine or ten along its length, irregular 

 and alternate, the ends of one set of rays just touching those of the neighbouring groups. 

 The stars vary in size, and in the length, tenuity, straightness, and number of their rays, 

 even in one specimen. 



Length \, height \, thickness -^. Proportions 12:8:3.^ 



In this bituminous shale of the so-called " Freshwater Series " of the local Carbo- 

 niferous group, thirty-three fathoms below the Ell Coal, besides C. radiata, are other 

 smaller Cypridina (?) and Beyrichia arcuata, also Anthracosics and remains of Fishes and 

 Reptiles. 



Similar CypridincB with radiate structure have been discovered by Mr. W. Molyneux, 

 F.G.S., of Burton-on-Trent, in laminated and rusty bituminous shales (of the " Haematite" 

 series) belonging to the English Coal-measures, at Ipstones, North Staffordshire. In some 

 soft, drab-coloured concretions in similar shales from Lowndes' Pit, Ipstones, Mr. Molyneux 

 has also found a subglobular pitted Cypridina (imperfect), which may be of the same 

 species. 



3. Cypridina Wrightiana. Sp. nov. Plate II, figs. 14 a, b, c. 



Carapace-valve oval-oblong, somewhat compressed, boldly curved above and behind, 

 straight below ; though indented with a large open sinus in front, the valves had but a 

 very small gape. End view of carapace acute-obovate ; edge-view narrow-ovah 



' These measurements and proportions are taken from one of the best preserved specimens; but owing 

 to the carapace-valves having been much pressed they may not be quite accurate. 



