PLEUROTOMA TURRICULA. 205 



fined to the upper whorls. In the Belgian and East Anglian fossils it is generally 

 wanting. 



Var. antwerpiensis, E. Vincent. Plate XXVI, figs. 3, 4. 



1848. Fleurotoma turricula, S. V. Wood, Mon. Crag Moll., pt. i, p. 53, pi. vi, fig. 1 a. 



1881. Fleurotoma turricula, Nyst, Conch. Terr. Tert. Belg., p. 42, pi. iii, fig. 6. 



1890. Fleurotoma antverpiensis, E. Vincent, Bull. Soc. Malac. Belg., vol. xxv, p. 95 (fig.). 



1892. Fleurotoma antwerpiensis. Van den Broeck, Bull. Soc. Beige Gruol., vol. vi (Memoires), pp. 



121, 132. 

 1912. Fleurotoma antwerpiensis, Tesch, Med. v. d. Rijks. v. Delfstoffen, pt. iv, p. 86, no. 219. 



Dimensions. — L. 45 mm. B. 14 mm. 



Dixtribnfion. — Not known living. 



Fossil : Waltonian Crag : Beaumont, Little Oakley. Newbour- 

 nian : Waldringfield ; probably elsewhere in the Red Crag. 



Belgium : Sables a Isocardia cor, Scaldisien, Poederlien (Van den Broeck). 



RemarJcS. — In 1890 Vincent described a shell under the name P. antoerplensis 

 which he considered specifically distinct from P. turricula, differing from it in form, 

 especially in the comparative length and breadth of the body-whorl and the canal. 

 After the examination of three or four hundred examples, he tells us, he came to 

 the conclusion that the true P. turricula did not exist in the Belgian Crag, and in 

 this view he was followed by M. van den Broeck ; M. van de Wouver, however, has 

 recently found, during the progress of some excavations at the Antwerp docks, a 

 large number of specimens, and some of these, as we have seen, cannot be separated 

 from the typical Italian shell. I have found at Oakley and elsewhere, however, a 

 few fossils, two of them being here figured, agreeing with that given by Vincent 

 as P. antverjjiensis. They are strong, coarsely sculptured shells which differ only 

 in form from those described above ; I prefer to regard them as a variety of 

 Brocchi's species. 



P. turricula has been reported from time to time from various localities in the 

 Red Crag ; probably both varieties are represented in it, but, so far as I know, the 

 type form is the more common. 



There is a specimen in the Jermyn Street Museum labelled P. contigua, Brocchi 

 (= P. turricula, var. A, Bellardi). That form resembles the present variety of 

 P. turricula in form, but the sculpture is granulate. The shell in question, how- 

 ever, is too much worn for a satisfactory identification ; it would be safer, I think, 

 to omit the name of P. contigua from our Crag lists, as indeed Mr. C. Reid has 

 done in his ' Pliocene Deposits of Britain.' Drs. de Stefani and Pantanelli, like 

 Bellardi, regard the latter as a variety of P. turricula} 



1 Bull. Soc. Malac. Ital., vol. iv, p. 120, 1878. 



