286 PLIOCENE MOLLUSCA. 



European from Gibraltar to Brittany. All parts of the Mediterranean, Adriatic, 

 and JEgean. Canaries. 



Fossil : Waltonian Crag : Walton-on-Naze, Little Oakley. New- 

 bournian : Sutton. Butleyan : Butley (A. Bell). Pleistocene : .Wick. Scaldisien : 

 Holland. 



Upper Pliocene : France — Biot ; Italy — Valle Andona, Colle Astesi, Monte 

 Mario, Bologna ; Sicily — Altavilla, Messina. 



Pleistocene : Italy — Taranto, Livorno, Valle Biaia, Calabria ; Sicily — Monte 

 Pellegrino, Ficarazzi, Messina, Catania. 



Isocardia- and Tapes-banks: Christiania (Br^gger), Trondhjem (0yen). 



Remarks. — G. Leufroyl may be distinguished from C. purpurea by its stronger 

 and less numerous costse, its finer and less regular spiral sculpture, its more 

 tumid whorls, its expanded mouth, and especially by the absence of marked 

 denticulation on the interior of the outer lip. It never presents the distinct 

 and regularly clathrate appearance of the former species. 



It has not been recorded from the Coralline Crag, but Wood gives it from 

 Walton, and I have obtained a dozen specimens from Oakley, most of them more 

 or less imperfect. 



Bellardi reports it from the Astian deposits of Northern Italy, Sign. Cerulli- 

 Irelli from beds of similar age at Monte Mario, and Seguenza from all the fossili- 

 ferous horizons of Sicily. 



It can hardly be called a common British species, but with other Clathurellas 

 is widely diffused and more or less abundant in the Mediterranean. As before 

 stated it occurs with other Lusitanian shells at certain post-glacial zones of the 

 Christiania and Trondhjem regions. 



Clathurella concinna (Scacchi). Plate XXVIII, figs. 22, 23. 



1836. Pleurotoma concinna, Scacchi, Cat. Couch. Eegn. Neap., p. 12, fig. 18. 



1867. Defrancia Leufroyi (pars), Jeffreys, Brit. Conch., vol. iv, p. 368. 



1882. Clathurella concinna, Bucquoy, Dautzenberg et Dollfus, Moll. mar. Roussillon, vol. i, p. 98, 



pi. xiv, fig. 5. 

 1890. ClatTiurella concinna, Carus, Prod. Faun. ]Medit., vol, ii, p. 428. 

 1905. Clathurella (Cyrillia) linearis coji-cwina, Kobcit, Icon, schalentrag. europ. Meeresconch., vol. iii, 



p. 368, pi. xcvi, figs. 6, 7. 

 1910. Peratotoma {Leufroyia) concinna, Cerulli-Irelli, Palaeont. Ital., vol. xvi, p. 60, pi. v, fig. 47. 

 1914. Peratotoma (Leufroyia) concinna, Cipolla, Palaeont. Ital., vol. xx, p. 175, pi. xiv, figs. 25, 26. 



Specific Characters. — Shell small, solid, ovato-fusiform ; spire short, turriculate ; 

 whorls convex, the last much the largest, three-fourths the total length ; orna- 

 mented by strong, rounded, longitudinal ribs, and by fine, thread-like, spiral ridges 



