262 PLIOCENE MOLLUSCA. 



Fosail : Coralline Crag: Boy ton, Gedgrave, Sutton, abundant. 

 Waltonian: Walton-on-Naze, Little Oakley. St. Ertli. Pleistocene: Torbay, Belfast. 



Lower Pliocene : Italy — Vezza near Alba. Upper Pliocene : Monte Mario, 

 Colle Astesi, Bologna, Biot, Altavilla. Scaldisien ; Belgium, Holland. Pleistocene: 

 Monte Pellegrino, Ficarazzi. Tapes-banks, Christiania. 



BemarJiS. — This is one of the British shells having a more or less southern 

 range that we find in the Coralline and Waltonian Crags, and in the Scaldisien of 

 Belgium. Wood says it is not rare in the Coralline, Prof. Kendall reports it to be 

 common at Walton, and I have found about a dozen specimens at Oakley. It occurs 

 also, according to Prof. Brjgrgger, with a large number of other Lusitanian species 

 in the post-glacial Tapes-banks of the Christiania fiord already referred to, deposits 

 the fauna of which indicates, as before stated, a milder climate than that now 

 existing in the same region. 



In 1867 Jeffreys expressed the opinion {op. cif. p. 383), that the shell described 

 by Wood as Glavatula hr achy stoma was wrongly identified, suggesting it might be 

 some extinct species, but subsequently, in 1871, he considered it to be a variety of 

 P. concinnata, S. Y. W., a much larger shell, or of P. decussata, Phil. His views 

 as to the limits of variation, applied to the Crag fossils, were sometimes very 

 wide. 



As Wood's non-photographic figure of this form does not appear to be very 

 good, I have represented one of his Coralline Crag specimens from the Norwich 

 Museum, with a Recent shell from the Mediterranean. They seem to me alike. 



Mr. A. Bell has reported B. hrachystom.a from St. Erth,^ and Mr. R. Lloyd 

 Praeger from the estuarine clays of Belfast." The shell figured by Dr. Cipolla 

 under the present name {op. cit., p. 169, pi. xiv, fig. 19) is much longer in the spire 

 than specimens from the Crag. 



Raphitoma Payraudeaui (Deshayes). Plate XXX, fig. 38. 



1837. Pleurotoma Pnyraudofi, Deshayes, Exped. scieut. Moive, p. 178. 



1844. Pleurotoma Payraudeaui, Philippi, Eaum. Moll. SiciliiB, vol. ii, p. 175, pi. xxvi, fig. 20. 



1873-5. Raphitoma atte')iuata,vsLV. Payratideauti, Seguenza, Boll. R. Com. Geol. Italia, vol. iv, p. 298, 



no. 97, 1873; vol. vi, p. 210, no. 225, 1875. 

 1890. Raphitoma Payraudeauti, Carus, Prod. Fauu. Medit., vol. ii, p. 423. 

 1905. Raphitoma Payraudeaui, Kobelt, Icon, schalentrag. europ. Meeresconch., vol. iii, p. 384, 



pi. xcviii, fig. 6. 



Remarks. — Shell minute, slender, fusiform ; whorls convex ; spire elongate, 

 regularly diminishing in size ; ornamented by about eight well-marked costae, 

 reaching the suture and flexuous on the body- whorl, not so wide as the intervening 



1 Trans. Roy. Geol. Soc, Cornwall, vol. xii, p. 173, 1897. 

 3 Proc. Roy. Irish Acad. [3], vol. ii, p. 265, 1892. 



