268 PLIOCENE MOLLUSCA. 



1844. Pleurotoma nanum, Philippi, Enum. Moll. Siciliae, vol. ii, pp. 169, 175, pi. xxvi, fig. 11. 



1877. Raphitoma turgida, Bellardi, Moll. Terr. Terz. Piem., pt. ii, p. 312, pi. ix, fig. 25. 



1889. Raphitoma turgida, Sacco, Bull. Soc. Geol. Ital., vol. ix, p. 283, no. 4345. 



1890. Raphitoma turgidum, Carus, Prod. Faun. Medit., vol. ii, p. 423. 



1906. Raphitoma turgidum, Kobelt, Icon, sclialentrag. europ. Meeresconch., vol. iii, p. 386, pi. xcviii, 



figs. 19, 20. 

 1910. Raphitoma turgida, Cerulli-Irelli, Palaeont. Ital., vol. xvi, p. QQ, pi. vi, figs. 25—29. 



Specific Characters. — Shell small, ovato-fusiform ; whorls 7, but little convex, 

 regularly diminishing in size to a pointed apex, the last rather more than half the 

 total length ; spire conical ; ornamented by eight to ten longitudinal costfe, oblique or 

 sinuous, scarcely reaching the base of the shell, and by exceedingly fine spiral 

 lines, hardly visible without the aid of a lens ; suture slight ; mouth comparatively 

 narrow, oval, angulate above ; outer lip gently rounded, not expanded ; canal short, 

 rather wide. 



Dimensions. — L. 12 mm. B. 4 mm. 



Distribution. — Recent : Mediterranean, Gribraltar to Sicily and Tunis. Adriatic, 

 ^gean, coasts of Asia Minor. Portuguese coast. Cape Sagres. 

 Fossil : Coralline Crag : Gomer pit, Gedgrave. 



Lower Pliocene : Italy — Valle Torsero, near Albenga. Upper Pliocene : Monte 

 Mario. 



Remarls. — The fossil here represented is from the Sedgwick Museum at 

 Cambridge, and was found in the Gomer pit by the late Mr. Montagu-Smith. It 

 agrees more or less nearly with the specimens figured by Reeve, Prof. Kobelt, and 

 Sign. Cerulli-Irelli as B. turgida, and with that of the Pleurotoma nanum of 

 Philippi. Prof. Kobelt reproduces both Reeve's figure and that of Philippi as the 

 same species under the same name of R. turgida. Our fossil may be regarded, 

 I think, as the Crag equivalent of that species. 



The specimen upon which the latter was founded was dredged by Prof. Forbes 

 in 83 fathoms off Cape Artemisium on the coast of Asia Minor. It was obtained also 

 by the "Porcupine" expedition off Cape Sagres in 45 — 58 fathoms. It is interesting 

 to notice how many shells, now found at a considerable depth, have been met with 

 in the comparative shallow-water deposits, not only of the Coralline but also of 

 the Red Crag. 



Raphitoma nana (Scacchi). Plate XXX, figs. 32 — 34. 



1836. Pleurotom,a nana, Scacchi, Cat. Concli. Eegn. Neap., p. 13, fig. 20. 



1873-5. Raphitoma 7iana, Seguenza, Boll. R. Com. Geol. Italia, vol. iv, p. 298, no. 106, 1873 ; vol. vi, 

 p. 210, no. 232, 1875. 



Sijecific Characters. — Shell small, solid, ovato-fusiform ; whorls G or 7, concave, 

 the last two-thirds the total length, excavated below ; ornamented by about eight 



