274 PLIOCENE MOLLUSCA. 



Varietal Characters. — Differs from the type in its stronger and more prominent 

 costse, and in its more elongate spire. 



Dimensions. — L. 8 — 12. B. 3 — 5. 



Distribution. — Recent: British coasts, southern and western, Shetland. Medi- 

 terranean, generally diffused. Adi-iatic, ^gean. 



Fossil : Waltonian Crag : Little Oakley. 



Upper Pliocene : Altavilla. Pleistocene : Sicily — Messina, Monte Pellegrino, 

 Picarazzi, Catania ; Italy — Taranto, Valle Biaia. 



Remarks. — This shell, originally regarded as a distinct species, is now generally 

 considered as a variety of R. nebula. It has a southern range, and, according to 

 MM. Bucquoy and his coadjutors, is the form of that species most frequently met 

 with in the Mediterranean, being specially distinguished by its strong and promi- 

 nent costge. It has not been hitherto recorded from the Crag, but I have a 

 solitary specimen from Oakley, where everything seems to occur, which appears 

 to correspond with a Recent example from the Mediterranean that M. Dautzenberg 

 has kindly sent me for comparison. It was first figured by Risso and since then 

 by the various authors quoted above. Their figures, although not identical in 

 form, agree in presenting a shell with prominent sculpture and an elongate spire. 



The specific name ginnavia, since changed to Givnaniana, has been sometimes 

 attributed to Scacchi, but Risso's description is the earlier. 



Var. delicatula, no v. Plate XXX, fig. 26. 



Dimensions. — L. 12 mm. B. 4 nun. 



Distribution. — Not recorded living. 



Fossil : Waltonian Crag : Little Oakley. 



Remarl-s. — In form this charming little shell agrees to some extent with 

 Philippi's original figure of P. ginnnniavum, and may, therefore, be regarded with 

 it as a variety of R. nebula. Its spiral sculpture, however, differs from that of 

 the usual varieties of that species, consisting of delicate and rather distant 

 thread-like ridges, with excessively fine lines in the interspaces. It is larger, 

 moreover, bearing a somewhat similar relation to it that the var. elongaia of 

 R. nebula does to the typical form. 



Raphitoma laevigata (Philippi). Plate XXX, figs. 35 — 37. 



1836-44. Pleurotoma Isevigahim, Philipf.i, Enum. Moll. Sicilite, vol. i, p 199, pi. xi, fig. 17, 1836; 



vol. ii, p. 169, 1844. 

 1845. Pleurotoma lievigata, Reeve, Conch. Icon., vol. i (Pleurotoma), pi. xxxii, fig. 291. 

 1853. Mangelia nebula, var. hevigata, Forbes and Hanley, Brit. Moll., vol. iii, p. 476. 

 1867. Pleurotoma Uvvigata, Jeffreys, Brit. Conch., vol. iv, ]>. 386, pi. xci, fig. 3. 



