RAPHITOMA L^VIGATA. 275 



1872. Pleurotoma Ixvigafa, S. V. Wood, Mon. Crag Moll., 1st Suppl., pt. i, p. 42, pi. vi, fig. 15. 

 1873-5. Baphitoma nebula, yaw laevigata, Seguenza, Boll. R. Com. Geol. Italia, vol. iv, p. 298, no. 103, 



1873 ; vol. vi, p. 210, no. 221, 1875. 

 1883. Baphitoma nebula, var. Ixvigata, Bucquoy, Dautzenberg et Dollfus, Moll. mar. Rouss., vol. i, 



p. 101. 

 1890. Baphitoma Imvigatum, Carus, Prod. Faun. Medit., vol. ii, p. 421. 

 1905. Baphitoma (Gintiania) nebula Isevigatum, Kobelt, Icon, schalentrag. europ. Meeresconch., 



vol. iii, p. 376, pi. xcvii, figs. 3 — 5. 



Specific Characters. — Shell spindle-shaped, fairly solid ; whorls slightly convex, 

 generally constricted above, the last more than half the total length, with a 

 thickened rim below the suture ; ornamented by strong, but not very prominent 

 longitudinal ribs as wide as the spaces between them, which die out towards the 

 base of the shell, and by very fine spiral lines, the upper whorls being smooth : 

 spire gradually tapering to a fine point; mouth oval, acutely angulate above; 

 outer lip gently curved, more or less continuous with a very short and rather 

 wide canal ; labial notch indistinct, basal notch conspicuous outside. 



Dimensions. — L. 12 — 15 mm. B. 4 — 5 mm. 



Distribution. — Recent : British coast, south and west. West Atlantic Cher- 

 bourg to Gribraltar, Azores, Mediterranean as far east as Alexandria, Adriatic, 

 -^gean. 



Fossil : Waltonian Crag : "Walton-on-Naze, Little Oakley. But- 

 leyan : Butley. 



Upper Pliocene : Biot, Altavilla. Pleistocene : Ficarazzi. 



Remarks. — This southern form, ranging also into the English Channel and the 

 west of Ireland, has been regarded of late years as a variety of R. nebula. I 

 venture, however, to revert to the opinion of Jeffreys and other writers in con- 

 sidering it worthy of specific rank. The shell described by Wood in 1848 (Mon. 

 Crag Moll., pt. i, p. 62, pi. vii, fig. 12) as Glnvatula Isevigata'i was afterwards 

 referred by him to R. tennistriata, A. Bell, a different species which, as already 

 stated (p. 263), is rather common in the AValtonian deposits. I have some Recent 

 Mediterranean specimens of R. laevigata received from M. Dautzenberg, all of 

 which show a spiral rim thickened below the suture, Avhich the longitudinal costse 

 do not cross. Jeffreys gives this as a characteristic feature of the present form. 

 In the shell described by Wood in his 1st Supplement as P. laevigata,^ as well as in 

 some similar specimens I have obtained at Oakley, the costse are continuous, and 

 there is no sign of the marginal rim, nor does there seem to be in Philippi's 

 original figure. Whether the Oakley shells may be regarded as the Crag equivalent 

 of E. laevigata may perhaps be an open question. Meanwhile I figure one of 

 them provisionally under that name. I have given also two specimens of the 

 Recent shell received from M. Dautzenberg, for the use of collectors, and to draw 



^ Op. cit., p. 42, pi. vi, fig. 15. 



