292 PLIOCENE MOLLUSCA. 



1905. Bela bicarinata gigantea, Kobelt, Icon, schaleutrag. euroj). Meeresconch., vol. iii, p. 263, pl.lxxxiv, 



figs. 20, 21. 

 1912. Bela gigantea, Dautzenberg et Fischer, Camp. Scient. Pr. Monaco, vol. xxxvii (Mollusques), 



p. 43, pi. i, figs. I, 2. 



Specific Characters. — Shell large, fairly solid, turriculate, ovato-fusiform ; 

 whorls 6, convex, somewhat flattened below the snture, the last much the largest, 

 two-thirds the total length ; finely striated, spirally, with indistinct longitudinal 

 plications, especially on the upper whorls; suture deep; spire short, ending in a blunt 

 point ; mouth ovato-elongate, acutely angulate above ; outer lip gently curved but 

 not expanded ; canal open, truncated, very short; columella nearly vertical. 



Dimensions.— h. 18 mm. B. 8 mm. 



Distribution. — Recent : west Greenland, Wellington Channel, Labrador, Gulf 

 of St. Lawrence, Iceland, N. of Hebrides, W. of Ireland, Norway, Bohuslan, 

 Spitzbergen, Nova Zembla, Kara Sea, Behring Sea. 



Fossil : Newbournian Crag : Waldringfield, Shottisham. 



Remarks. — The fossil from Shottisham here figured, belonging to the York 

 Museum, agrees with the shells oinginally described as a variety of B. violacea, but 

 now regarded by M. Dautzenberg and others as specifically distinct. Mr. A. Bell 

 believes it to be identical with some imperfect specimens he found forty years ago 

 at Waldringfield, one of which, showing the body-whorl only, was figured by 

 Wood in 1872 as Plearotoma arctica, Adams, but with hesitation, as he had some 

 doubt as to its specific connection with B. violacea. The Shottisham fossil is 

 perfect, however, and is much larger than the dimensions of the type-form of the 

 latter species given by Prof. G. 0. Sars ; it is rather worn, but it is possible with 

 the aid of a lens to make out both the spiral lines and the faint longitudinal 

 plication. It appears to agree very nearly with the specimen figured by Messrs. 

 Dautzenberg and Fischer as B. gigantea. 



Bela violacea (Mighels). Plate XXXII, figs. 25, 26. 



1841. Pleurotoma violacea, Mighels, Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. i, p. 50. 



1842. Defrancid cylindracea, Moller, Ind. Moll. Groenl., p. 13. 



1863. Mangelia violacea, Jeffreys, Eep. Brit. Assoc. (Trans.), Cambridge, p. 77. 



1870. Bela violacea, Gould, Eep. Inv. Mass., ed. 2, p. 353, fig. 622. 



1871. Pleurotoma violacea, A. Bell, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. [4], vol. vii, p. 357. 

 1878. Bela violacea, G. O. Sars, Moll. Peg. Arct. Norv., p. 238, pi. xvii, fig. 2. 



1884. Bela violacea, Morch and Poulsen, MS. List in Geol. Mus., Copenhagen, no. 43 (unpublished). 



1884. Pleurotoma bicarinata, var. violacea, Jeffreys in Lamplugh, Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc, vol. xl, 



p. 320. 



1893. Befrancia violacea, A. Bell, Proc. Eoy. Phys. Soc. Edinb., vol. xii, p. 22. 



1899. Bela bicarinata, var. violacea, Posselt, Medd. om. Gronl., vol. xxiii, p. 156. 



1910. Bela violacea, Odhner, Kougl. Svensk. Vet.-Akad. Haudl. Stockholm, vol. vii, p. 11. 



