226 PORAMINIFERA OF THE CRAG. 



in nearly all seas, and at all depths from the shore-line down to 2740 fathoms. It 

 is worthy of note that the distribution tables appended to the ' Challenger ' 

 Report record no specimens from the North Pacific. 



The shell has been found in a fossil condition in the Carboniferous and 

 Permian Limestones ; in the Yorkshire Lias ; in the Cretaceous formations 

 generally ; in the London Clay (Eocene) ; in the Miocene of Vienna, Italy, and 

 Malaga ; in the Pliocene of Grarrucha (South Spain), Italy, and Kar Nicobar ; and 

 in Pleistocene deposits generally. 



The tables appended to the ' Challenger ' Report show a rather restricted 

 geographical range for Bentalina pauperata. The records of its occurrence are 

 almost entirely from high latitudes, and from depths ranging from 13 to 245 

 fathoms. Its earliest recorded occurrence in a fossil condition is from the Lias 

 (Terquem). It has also been found in the Gault of Folkestone ; the Upper Chalk 

 of Taplow, Bucks, and Keady Hill, Ireland ; the London Clay (Eocene) ; the 

 Miocene of Piedmont, Vienna, and Muddy Creek, Victoria; and the Pliocene of 

 Piedmont and St. Erth. In the Coralline Crag it has been found at Sutton only. 



Genus 4. — Vagindlina, d'Orbigny, 1826. 

 Part I, 1866, page 63. 



Brady, Report ' Challenger,'' 1884, j?. 529. 

 Additional Synonyms : 



CoENXJ Hammonis, Flancus. 



Orthoceratia, Soldani. 



Planularia, Defrance, Cornuel. 



V^AGiNULiNA, Ilichelotti, Pkilippi, Costa, Gihnhel, DeecJce, Fornasini, Dervieux, 



Oo'es, Egger, Zwingli and Kubler, Berthelin, Neugehoren, Quenstedt, Koch, 



Hagenow, Chapman, ^e. 

 CiTHAEiNA, d'Orbigng, Heuss, Costa, Schwager. 

 Maeginxjlina, Beuss, Terg^uein. 

 Dentalina, Williamson, Parker and Jones. 

 NoDOSARiA, Eeuss. 



D. communis (p. 61), under the name D.farcimen, after Soldani's " Orthoc. Farcimen,^'' ' Testaceogr.,' 

 vol. i, part 2, 1791, p. 98, pi. cv, fig. o. A closely allied variety is Soldani's " Corniculum Iseve," 

 ibid., p. 92, pi. xcvii, fig. hh. As Soldani did not use the Linnsean method of nomenclature, the 

 straight-sutured Dentalina is really " D. farcimen of Eeuss." Further, Soldani applied the term 

 "farcimen" to more than one of his figured specimens (see ' Annals Mag. Nat. Hist.,' ser. 4, vol. viii, 

 1871, p. 154, No. 2; and p. 159, No. 20; also ibid., p. 153): if individual names were taken for 

 species from his books (and there they seem sometimes to have been used as much generically a 

 otherwise) much confusion would arise in the alteration of numerous trivial names. 



