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CARBONIFEROUS AND PERMIAN FORAMINIFERA. 



intimate knowledge of all that concerns the Carboniferous rocks gives a high value to the 

 assistance of which his ever-ready kindness has encouraged me to avail myself largely. 



The following is a summary, arranged in approximately geographical order, of the 

 localities which have yielded Carboniferous and Permian Foraminifera — the Carboniferous 

 taken first — together with particulars as to stratigraphical position, and such other 

 collateral information as I have been able to gather respecting them. A very large 

 proportion of the material that I have had the opportunity of examining for fossil 

 raicrozoa has been collected for me by scientific friends at home and abroad, and I 

 have chosen this place to acknowledge the aid I have received and to thank the donors 

 individually. The category of localities is a long one, but it only includes those which 

 have yielded positive results ; so that I must further express my thanks collectively to 

 the many geologists who with equal care and pains have provided me with material which 

 has. not happened to contain the particular organisms of which I was in search. As 

 probably three packages out of every four that have come into my hands have been 

 barren of Foraminifera, the examination of unproductive material has formed no small 

 part of my labour. 



The numbers in the margin correspond with those in the heading of the Distribution 

 Tables, and are intended to facilitate reference. 



Carboniferous. 



ENGLAND AND WALES.— Table I. 



North of England. 



In Northumberland the enormous thickness of beds lying between the Millstone Grit 

 and the Calciferous Sandstone groups present no true division into Upper and Lower 

 series. The thickness of the entire series (which Mr. Lebour proposes to name 

 " Bernician," after the ancient name of Northumberland) is extremely variable, probably 

 not less than 8000 feet in the middle of the county, and there includes a great number 

 of limestone beds, which become fewer both to the north and to the south. From 

 Alston southwards the Carboniferous Limestone rocks may be conveniently split into two 

 divisions. 



It will be seen that most of these English foraminifera-bearing beds belong to the 

 Yoredale Rocks of Phillips. This being so, it seems necessary to call attention to the 

 limits of that group, inasmuch as they do not appear to have been much studied hitherto 

 outside of Yorkshire. Prof. Phillips included in his Yoredale Series the set of beds which 

 lies between the Millstone Grit and the Great Whin Sill, or from the base of the Millstone 

 Grit to the Tyne-bottom Limestone inclusive, along the Pennine escarpment and at Alston. 



