﻿STACHELA— LAGENA. 1 1 9 



obtained from both the Lower and Upper Groups of Carboniferous Limestones, though it 

 differs much in its relative frequency in the older and newer beds of the two countries, 

 as will be seen by reference to the Tables of Distribution. It was first noticed by Mr. 

 John Young in the rich Lower Carboniferous shale of Hairrnyres in Lanarkshire. 



Sub-order, PERFORATA. 



Family, LAGENIDA, Carpenter. 



Genus — Lagena, Walker and Jacob. 

 Serpula (Lagena), Walker and Jacob. 



Oolina, dj'Orbigny, Reuss, Bronn, Egger, Terquem, Bornemann, Costa, Karrer. 



Lagena, Williamson, Morris, Parker and Jones, Carpenter, Reitss, Brady, Stache, G Umbel, 



Karrer, Robertson, Kibbler, Vanden Broeck, Blake, Wright, fyc. 

 Serpula, Vermiculum, Lagenula, Miliola, Cenchridium, Entosolenia, Ovultna, Ovolina, 



Apiopterina, Fissurina, Amphorina, Amygdalina, Phialina, Tetragonulina, Trigonu- 



lina, Obliquina, auctorum. 



General Characters. — Shell free, consisting of a single, undivided chamber ; sub- 

 spherical, oval, pyriform, oblong, or fusiform ; sometimes compressed laterally on two, 

 three, or four sides. Aperture usually single ; in distomatous forms the two orifices are 

 at the opposite ends of the shell. Texture hyaline. 



To the Rev. W. Howchin, of Morpeth, we are indebted for the discovery of the 

 genus Lagena in beds of Carboniferous age, indeed, almost all the specimens yet 

 obtained have been from material collected by that gentleman, and chiefly from two 

 Northumbrian localities. 



The specimens are generally more or less granular superficially, and are referrible to 

 three tolerably distinct varieties, one of which has no superficial ornamentation, another 

 is costato-punctate, and the third costate over its lower half with a raised, more or 

 less conspicuous, transverse line, in which the costse terminate, near the widest portion of 

 the shell. 



