HIPPOPOTAMUS. 



27 



The radius and ulna do not greatly differ in thickness, and are commonly firmly 

 ankylosed together in the adult. The radius is a stout bone with both ends con- 

 siderably expanded. The ulna has a strong keel running along the posterior face 

 from the large olecranon. 



The three proximal bones of the carpus are fairly equal in size. The scaphoid 

 and lunar articulate entirely with the radius, the cuneiform entirely with the ulna. 

 The distal row of carpals includes four bones, the large unciform articulating with 

 the cuneiform and lunar, the magnum with the lunar and scaphoid. The small 

 trapezoid articulates with the scaphoid, while a small trapezium articulates only 

 with the trapezoid. 



There are four digits (the pollex being absent), all very similar in character and 

 length, and each consisting of a distinct metacarpal and three phalanges. The 

 ungual phalanges are broad and rounded in front. 



Table of Measurements. 





Mounted skeleton 



726n in Zool. Dept. 

 of lint. Mus. 



Mounted skeleton 



from Barrington 



in Sedgwick Mus., 



Cambridge irt.). 



Separate bones 

 mounted in Zool. 

 Mus., Cambridge. 



Humerus. 



2. Maximum transverse diameter at distal 



end 



3. Antero-posterior diameter of shaft at 



highest jwint in deltoid ridge 



436 



134 



91 



27-7 

 101 

 106 

 4-85 



383 



69 



131 

 163 

 140 

 1085 



472 

 14-5 

 11-55 



31 9 



110 



110 



5-0 



420 

 5'5 



42-2 



1375 

 9-8 



26-5 

 100 

 10-8 

 465 



390 

 6o 



Eadius. 

 1. Extreme length 



2. Width at proximal end 



3. Width at distal end 



4. Width at narrowest part of shaft 



Ulna. 

 1. Extreme length 



2. Antero-posterior diameter at middle of 

 shaft 



Metacarpals. 

 Length of metacarpal 2 



3 



4 



5 



g. The Pelvic Girdle. (Text-fig. 12.) 



The pelvis is elongated and not specially large in proportion to the size of the 

 animal. Its long axis approaches more nearly to the horizontal than in Rhinoceros 

 or ruminants. The ilium., which is much expanded at the upper (anterior) end, 

 differs from that of Rhinoceros in being more squarely truncated on both inner and 

 outer edges and in being less concave upwards. Between the expanded portion and 



