CORYNELLA CHADWICKI. 223 
failed to recognise in them any tuning-fork spicules. In outer form these sponges 
resemble some of the specimens included under Oorynella Quenstedi, Zittel = 
Spongites astrophorus, Quenstedt (‘ Petref. Deutschl.,’ vol. v, p. 208, pl. cxxiv, figs. 
58, 59), but the fibres in these latter appear to be of a coarser character than in 
the present species. 
Distribution—Coral Rag. Zone of Ammonites plicatilis, Langton Wold, near 
Malton, Yorkshire. (Collected by Mr. 8. Chadwick.) 
32. Corynenia Caapwicki, Hinde, sp. nov. Plate XV, figs. 6, 6a; Plate XVI, 
figs. 1—1 d. 
1816. EnoneatEe atcronitn, Kendall? Descriptive Catalogue of the Minerals 
and Fossil Organic Remains of Scar- 
borough, pt. 3, p. 249, pl. iv, fig. 3. 
1848. ScypH1a cytinprica, M‘Ooy (non Goldfuss). Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., 
s. 2, vol. ii, p. 418. 
1854. — _ Morris. Cat. Brit. Foss., 2nd ed., p. 29. 
Sponges usually simple, but occasionally bifurcating or in small colonies of two 
or three individuals growing from a common base and partially attached laterally. 
The individual spongites are subcylindrical or club-shaped, straight, curved, or 
contort, occasionally with nodose swellings, sometimes attached to oysters ; their 
bases are flattened or corrugated, the summits are depressed-conical with a 
circular oscule, the margin of which is either entire or with a few open furrows 
extending a short distance down the wall. The dermal layer is limited to a few 
wrinkled bands crossing the lower portion of the sponge obliquely; in some 
Specimens it is not present at all. The cloacal tube extends to nearly the base of 
the sponge; it is bounded by a very distinct fibrous wall, and relatively wide 
canals open into it at irregular intervals (Pl. XVI, fig. 1a). The outer surface of 
the wall is smooth, with a very delicate meshwork of fibres with small irregular 
pore-like apertures between them, scarcely visible to the naked eye; definite ostia 
are absent. The fibres of the interior of the wall are more openly disposed than 
those of the outer surface or those of the cloacal tube; in cross-section they vary 
from ‘05 mm. to’16 mm. in thickness, whilst those of the cloacal tube are*25 mm. 
in breadth. They consist principally of irregular three-rayed spicules, which are 
so closely intermingled that only single rays can be made out, and these but 
seldom for their entire length; the longest rays are 35 mm. by ‘(05 mm. in 
thickness. The larger spicules are in the axial portion of the fibres, and they are 
enclosed sometimes by a marginal layer of sinuous filiform spicules, but whether 
