198 FORAMINIFERA OF THE CRAG. 



16. Lagena quadrata (Williamson), 1858. Plate VII, fig. 9. 



Entosolenia marqinata, var. quadeata, Williamson, 1858. Eec. Foram. Gt 



Britain, p. 11, pi. i, figs. 27, 28. 

 Fissurina Pecchiolii, Seguenza, 1862. For. Mon. Messin., p. 58, pi. i, fig. 52. 



— recta, Idem, 1862. Ibid., fig. 53. 



— obeonga, Idem, 1862. Ibid., p. 68, pi. ii, fig. 35. 



— ltjcidia, var. quadrata, Reuss, 1863. Sitz. Ak. Wien, vol. xlvi, p. 324, 



pi. iii, fig. 26. 

 Entosolenia quadrata, Chimmo, 1870. Bed of Atlantic, p. 28, pi. x, fig. 2. 



— — Mobius, 1880. Meeresf. Mauritius, p. 90, pi. viii, fig. 9. 

 Lagena quadrata, Brady, 1884. Report ' Challenger,' pp. 446 and 475, pi. lix, 



figs. 3 and 16 ; pi. lx, fig. 5. 



— — Balkioill and Millet t, 1884. Journ. Microscopy, vol. iii, p. 81, 



pi. ii, fig. 8. 

 laevigata, var. quadrata, Wright, 1886. Proc. Belfast N. Club, p. 324, 



pi. xxiv, fig. 9. 



— — Egger, 1893. Abhandl. k. Bayer. Akad. Wisa., vol. xviii, 



part 2, p. 331, pi. x, figs. 78, 79. 



— compressa, Egger, 1S93. Ibid., figs. 1, 2. 



Characters. — This compressed, subquadrate Lagena is near to laevigata. 

 Although very variable, it always has a tendency to assume the form of a 

 parallelogram, with more or less rounded extremities ; and sometimes a consider- 

 able exogenous growth thickens the edges with a keel, either blunt, sharp, or 

 imperfect. 



Lagena Seguenzia.na, Fornasini, ' Boll. Soc. Geol. Ital.,' vol. v, 1886, pp. 350 — 

 353, pi. viii, figs. 1—8, belonging to the group of L. laevigata and L. quadrata, is 

 an interesting species, of which six varieties are figured (as above quoted). It is 

 characterised as being compressed, subdiscoidal, with a thick edge or margin and 

 strong projecting neck. 



Occurrence. — Lagena quadrata is stated in the 'Challenger' Report to be 

 confined apparently to comparatively shallow waters, — depths not exceeding 150 

 fathoms. No mention of the species occurs, however, in the Tables of Distribution 

 given at the end of the Report. It has been recorded by Balkwill and Millett 

 among the Foraminifera of Galway. As a fossil it occurs in the Miocene of 

 Messina, the Pliocene of Messina and St. Erth, and the Pleistocene of North- 

 east Ireland. We have specimens also from the Casterlian and Scaldisian of 

 Antwerp. In the Coralline Crag it occurs (but rarely) in nearly every zone 

 examined. 



