14 FOSSIL INSECTS OF THE BRITISH COAL MEASURES. 



Class I.-PTERYGOGENEA, Brauer. 



Order. — Pal^eodictyoptera, Goldenberg. 



Families. — Dictyoneuiidse, Megaptilidse, Hypermegethidae, Lithomantidse, Heolidse, 

 Fouqueidae, Spilapteridae, Lamproptilidae, Polycreagridae, Paolidae. 

 Order. — Mixotermitoidea, Haudlirsch. 

 Order. — Reculoidea, Haudlirsch. 

 Order. — Protorthoptera, Handlirsch. 



Families. — Spanioderidse, Ischnoneuridse, Caloneuridae, Sthenaropodidae, CEdischiida?, 

 Geraridae, Cacuvgidae. 

 Older. — Orthoptera, Olivier. 



Sub-order. — Locustoidea, Leach. 

 Sub-order. — Acridioidea, Handl. 

 Order. — Phasmoidea, Leach. 

 Order. — Dermaptera, De Geer. 

 Order. — Diploglossata, De Saussure. 

 Order. — Thysanoptera, Haliday. 

 Order. — Protoblattoidea, Haudlirsch. 



Families. — Stenoneurida?, Protophasmidse, Eoblattida?, Oryctoblattinidae, ..Etophlebidae, 

 Cheliphlebidse, Eucseuida?. 

 Order. — Blattoidea, Haudlirsch. 



Families. — Spiloblattinidse, Mylacridae, Poroblattinidae, Neorthroblattinidte, Mesoblat- 

 tiuidas, Pseudomylacridap, Dictyomylacridae, Neomylacridie, Pteridomy- 

 lacridte, Idiom vlacrida?, Diechoblattinida;, Proteremidse. 

 Order. — Mantoidea, Haudlirsch. 



Genus. — Pala&omantis, Bolton. 

 Order. — Sypharopteroidea, Haudlirsch. 

 Order. — Hapalopteroidea. Haudlirsch. 

 Order. — Protoephemeroidea, Handlirsch. 

 Order. — Protodonata, Brongniart. 

 Order. — Megasecoptera, Brongniart. 

 Order.— Protohemiptera, Handlirsch. 



The publication of Handlirsch's great work, 'Die Fossilen Insekten,' 1906 — 

 1908, marked an important phase in the history of the study of fossil insects. 

 Handlirsch surveyed the whole field of fossil entomology, and brought the great 

 bulk of the known forms under a broad classification. The Order Palaeodictyoptera 

 w r as much extended, defined, and made to include a large series of families, 

 several of which, however, are clearly widely divergent in type. This 

 was soon recognised by other workers, as doubtless by Handlirsch himself, 

 who may have considered it wiser to extend Goldenberg' s order, even to 

 the inclusion of forms not definitely related, rather than to formulate a new 

 classification the components of which could not be rigidly defined. Knowing 

 that the field of research was rapidly widening, Handlirsch exercised a wise 

 restraint in not adding a new classification, which could only be of a temporary 

 character. Subsequent events have proved the wisdom of his action. Since 

 1908, the study of fossil insects has attracted more students, new localities and 



