16 FOSSIL INSECTS OF THE BRITISH COAL MEASURES. 



Orthoptera. 



Nomoneura (Blattoeformia, Handl.). 



(a) Blattoidea. 



Families. — Hyaloptilida?, Protoperlidae, Favoliellida?, Orvctoblattinida\ 



(b) Mantoidea. 



Families. — Stenoneuritida?, Steuoueuridae, Ischnoneurida?. 

 Heteroneura. (Equivalent in part to Orthoptera Cursoria and Orthopteroidea, Handl.) 



(a) Phasmoidea. 



Family. — Sthenaropodidse. 



(b) Locustida 1 . (Equivalent in part to Orthoptera Saltatoria.) 



Families. — (Edischiidae, C'aloneuridae. 



Lameere restricted his research to the French fossil insects, his studies being 

 based on the types described and figured by Brongniart (1803, 'Bull. Soc. 

 Industrie, Saint Etienne,' 3 ser., vii), the collections made by Fayol, and the 

 large series of fossil insects from the Upper Coal Measures (Stephanian) of 

 Commentry, now preserved in the National Museum of Natural History, Paris. 

 The following- remarks may be made on his classification : 



Ephemuroptera. — The three families forming- this division are regarded as 

 closely related, the genus Becquerelia of the Spilapteridas bearing certain characters 

 of the Megasecopterida\ while the family is also linked through the genus 

 Apopappus (which is taken to supply a natural transition between the Spilapterida*) 

 to the genus Triplosoba. 



Odoxatoptura.- — The family Fouqueida? is held to differ from the Spilapteridae 

 in that transverse veins are numerous, close together, and form a network over 

 the inner margin, and in the anal area — a feature which brings it nearer to the 

 Protodonata. The family Dictyoneurida? possesses a network of veins extending 

 over the whole wing, as in Microdietya. The remaining family, Dictyoptilida?, 

 contains Archasmegaptilus, which Lameere considers differs only from the Dictyo- 

 neurida? in the fusion of the median and radial veins at the base of the wing. 

 Protngrion is considered nearest to the true Odonata, while Meganeura and Gilsonia 

 are specialised types. 



Rhynchota. — The presence of a rostrum in Lycocercus goldenbergi, and the 

 resemblance of the head and leg of Homoioptera gigantea to the same structures in 

 Eugereon, are considered sufficient proof of the Protohemipteroid characters of 

 Lijcerciis, Homoioptera, and the allied genera Lithoptilus, Megaptilus, Mecynostoma, 

 Archaeoptilus and Paramegaptilus. 



Orthoptera. — Lameere regards Handlirsch's group of Protorthoptera as an 

 assemblage of two related but distinct types, which he classifies under Nomoneura 

 and Heteroneura. The genus Stenoneurites is regarded as the connecting link 

 between the Mantoidea and the ancestors of the Blattoidea, the genus Stenoneura 

 being also in some measure transitional between Stenoneurites and the Ischno- 

 neuridse. 



