76 BRITISH FOSSIL ELEPHANTS. 



the Mammoth on account of the chin being narrower, whilst the teeth resembled the 

 crown of the latter. 



As far as the indifferent representations of these teeth will permit me to judge, the 

 molars and mandibles seem indistinguishable from the same parts of the Mammoth, the 

 symphysial junction of whose rami, as will appear in the subsequent woodcuts, is not always 

 of the truncated and rounded character usually distinctive of the typical lower jaw. The 

 thin parallel plates also consort with crowns of that species. The same might be said of 

 three rudely executed representations of mandibles and molars under the name of 

 E. Jacksoni} 



The distribution, therefore, of the Mammoth in North America, as defined by Marsh 

 and Leidy, is quite opposed to that indicated by the reputed remains from the United 

 States in European collections, and I must admit, without prejudice to either view, that 

 although the specimens I have examined bear striking resemblances in external colora- 

 tion to Mastodon remains from the swamps of Ohio, they likewise resemble, in that 

 respect, specimens from the frozen soil of the Arctic regions, and still more so in their 

 closely packed and attenuated ridges. I must leave the subject, therefore, of the North 

 American distribution of the Mammoth for further confirmation. A Monograph on the 

 fossil Elephants of North America, compiled from specimens in museums and private 

 collections, is, indeed, a desideratum which, it is hoped, the able and indefatigable 

 palaeontologists of the New World will not defer much longer. 



Associated Mammals. 



Reference has been made in my Monograph on E. antiquus to the British localities where 

 remains of the Mammoth have been associated with the latter species -^ the only difficulty 

 at present is the contemporaneity of the Mammoth with E. meridionalis. I am not aware 

 of one instance of the relics of these two Elephants having been found together on the 

 Continent of Europe or elsewhere, whilst their so-called contemporaneity, as far as the 

 British Islands are concerned, requires apparently further confirmation. The Mammoth 

 has been found associated with nearly all the British Post-tertiary and many of the 

 Recent Mammals.^ It survived up to the Stone Age in England and on the Continent 

 of Europe.* 



1 Silliman's ' American Journal,' vol. xxxiv, p. 363. 



2 Page 6. 



3 Dawkins, ' Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc. London,' vol. xxv, p. 194. 



■* Dawkins, ' Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc.,' vol. xxxiii, p. 590. The famous etching on the fragment of a 

 tusk in the care of La Madelaine in the Dordogne (see Reliquice Jquitanicce, also British Bone Caverns, &c.). 



