LOCALITIES IN "SILURIA.' 97 



localities in which the fossils were found on several occasions, I am satisfied that the 

 sites from which they were obtained are all below the Upper Ludlow Rock in strati- 

 graphical position. 



In strata that are intermediate between the Upper Ludlow Rock and the Yellow Down- 

 ton Sandstone, Mr. Banks found Pterygotus remains associated with Platyschisma helicites 

 and a small Lingula ; this was between Newton and Bradnor Hill. The overlying strata 

 also contain remains of Pterygotus with the Lingula cornea of the Downton Sandstones. 



At Ivy Chimney is a sandstone quarry low down on Bradnor Hill, which furnished to Dr. 

 Melville, Mr.Lightbody,and myself on one occasion the head of Eurypterus. These beds are 

 apparently lower in position than the Downton Sandstone. The Downton Sandstone on 

 Bradnor yields throughout remains of Pterygotus, Eurypterus, and Cyathaspis Banhii, with 

 Lingula cornea. Again, these crustacean remains are found in a quarry at the Lodge Farm, 

 Huntington. New Radnor church is built of Downton Sandstone, from a quarry between 

 New Radnor and Harley, in an interesting outlier of Downton Rock ; crustacean remains, 

 with Lingula, occur in the debris which is strewn around. 



7. — Passage-beds at Ludlow. 



The lowest of the Passage-beds in the section on the Shrewsbury and Hereford Rail- 

 way, near the Ludlow Tunnel, are beds which are believed to be the equivalents of the 

 Upper Downton Sandstone. The same history attaches to the " Tin Mill Beds/' near 

 Downton. Pterygotus gigas, Pterygotus Banhsii, and Lingula cornea, with Eurypterus 

 linearis, have been found in these strata. The lower Bone-bed occurs on the right bank 

 of the Teme, near Ludlow ; but, owing to a fault or overlap, I believe it has not been 

 found on the left bank near the Ludlow Tunnel. Indeed the Ludlow section will not bear 

 comparison with the Ledbury section (to which we shall allude bye and bye) as regards 

 the perfect continuity of rock-succession. The different beds are much obscured, and 

 their relation to each other was difficult to determine. There is a grey sandstone between 

 Onibury and Norton, and at the Tin Mills near Downton, which I believe to be the equiva- 

 lent of certain grey grits at Ledbury, and this contains Cephalaspis Murchisonii and a 

 Lingula at both places, with many carbonaceous remains of Plants. 



The Olive Shales described by Mr. Marston (' Geol. Mag./ 1870, vol. vii, p. 408) 

 overlie these grey micaceous sandstones. 



The Olive Shales were excavated on the line of the Shrewsbury and Hereford Railway ; 

 and when I visited this locality in company with my friends, Messrs. Lightbody, Salwey, 

 and Marston, they were yielding a rich harvest of organic remains. Mr. Lightbody's 

 cabinet and the Museum at Ludlow are both enriched with rare fossils from these shales. 

 In the middle of these beds was a deposit, termed by my friends an " upper bone-bed," 



