OVIBOS MOSCHATUS. 9- 



with the magnum and unciform is very much smaller, and the posterior edge of the 

 proximal articulation consists of two planes meeting one another at a very obtuse angle 

 instead of being straight. In this respect it agrees with Ovis, but it is very much shorter 

 and stouter than the corresponding bone in that animal. 



"Phalange 1. — The first phalange is more slender than that of Ox. On the palmar 

 surface the muscular ridges circumscribe a broad groove, and there is a deep excavation 

 immediately above the distal articulation ; it differs from Ovis in this latter character, and 

 also in its greater stoutness. 



Phalange 2. — The second phalange is defined from Bos and Ovis by the deep excava- 

 tion in the palmar surface, which occupies the whole of the shaft ; it is much stouter than 

 in Ovis. 



Phalange 3. — The hoof phalange differs from that of Ox in the articulation not 

 extending to the superior surface of the bone ; the palmar surface is more oblique than 

 in Ox, and is not defined from the inner surface, as in that animal and the Sheep. 



Pelvis. — The crest of the ilium forms an arc of a circle, while in Ox it is hollowed 

 superiorly. The spine of the ischium is not so pronounced as in the Ox, nor is the spine 

 on the symphysis pubis so strongly marked ; the anterior edge of the pubis is straight. 

 All these points characterise Ovis and Capra. 



Femur. — The head of the femur is more clearly defined from the articular surface of 

 the interspace between it and the great trochanter than in Bos and Bison ; the latter is 

 narrower and the cavity is deeper ; the smaller trochanter is mastoidal in shape, the shaft 

 is flatter on its dorsal surface and rounder, especially at its distal end ; the inner edge of 

 the patellar articulation is sharp instead of being rounded off, as in Ox and Bison, it is 

 sharper even than in Ovis. All these are ovine and caprine characters. 



Tibia. — The slenderness of shaft and internal malleolus, roundness of the articular 

 surface between the inferior edges of the two femoral articulations, are ovine characters ; 

 the internal groove also on its inferior surface is slightly incurved, distally, while in Bos, 

 Bison, and Cervus, it is straight. 



Metatarsal. — The metatarsal, in its stoutness and breadth, especially of the condyles, 

 differs from both Ovis and Bos ; in the shallowness of extensor groove, and its absence from 

 the distal third of the shaft, it resembles the former and differs from the latter animal. Its 

 proximal facets are altogether ovine. 



Hind phalange 1 differs from that of Bos by the greater flatness of its dorsal surface, 

 by the presence of a dorsal pit above the distal articulation, and by the flat palmar area 

 being bounded on either side by a ridge ; it is stouter than that of Sheep. 



Hind phalange 2. — The second phalange is shorter than in the Sheep, and more 

 slender than in the Ox ; the muscular impression on the side of the proximal articulation 

 that faces the corresponding phalange of the foot is stouter than in Sheep or Oxen ; and 

 rises into a tuberosity which is altogether absent from the latter ; the palmar surface of 

 the shaft is excavated more deeply than in Bos or Ovis. 



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