24 



PLEISTOCENE MAMMALIA. 



Freshwater Species. 



Corbicula fluminalis. 

 Cyclas cornea, L. 

 Pisidium amnicum, Mull. 

 Unto litoralis, Drap. 

 Anodon cyyneus, Mont. 

 Limntea pereyra, Lam. 

 „ staynalis, L. 



Helix nemoralis, Mull. 

 „ caperata, Mont. 



Terrestrial Species. 



Planorbis carinatus, Mull. 



,, corneus, Drap. 

 Paludina vivipara, Gray. 



,, tentaculata, Lin. 

 Ancylus fiuviatilis, Mole. 

 Valvata piscinalis, Mull. 



Pupa maryinata, Drap. 

 CarycMum minimum, Miill. 



Fossil Mammalia. 



Homo} 



Felis spelcea, Gold. 

 Hycena spelcea „ 

 TJrsus ferox, Linn. 



,, arctos ,, 

 Canis lupus „ 

 Bos primiyenius, Boj. 

 Bison priscus, Ow. 

 Meyaceros Hibernicus, Ow. 



Cervus elaphus, Linn. 

 Mephas antiquus, Ealc. 



„ primiyenius, Blum. 

 Equusfossilis, Ow. 

 Rhinoceros tichorinus, Cuv. 

 ,, hemitcechus, Falc. 

 ,, meyarhinus, Christ. 

 Arvicola amphibia, Desm. 



Thus, in addition to the ordinary freshwater and land shells, and the ordinary Pleisto- 

 cene Mammalia, the Musk Sheep in these beds is associated with Rhinoceros hemitcechus, 

 R. meyarhinus, and E. antiquus. In my essay before alluded to, I have shown that the 

 group of deposits to which these strata belong is of an age intermediate between the 

 preglacial forest-bed of the Norfolk shore, and the river deposits, which are later than the 

 Boulder-clay in the centre and east of England. Basing my argument on the physical 

 evidence, and on the presence of Pleiocene forms of life, and on the absence of the whole 

 group of arctic mammals, and especially of the Reindeer, which is most abundant in the 

 ordinary Pleistocene river gravels, I came to the conclusion, that the climate under 

 which the lower Brick-earths of the Thames Valley was accumulated was temperate rather 

 than severe. Nor is this conclusion invalidated by the subsequent discovery of the most 



1 Since this was written the Rev. 0. Fisher discovered an unmistakably artificial flint flate in the 

 undisturbed section, in the presence of the Author, April 9, 18/2. 



