26 FORAMINIFERA OF THE CRAG. 
from the chambers alternately from their sides as well as from their fronts, giving the shell 
a loosely 'Textularian character ; its chambers are usually somewhat pyriform. In deep 
Mediterranean soundings; and in the Chalkmarl (‘Q. J. G.S.,’ doc. cit. ; Carpenter’s 
‘Introd.,’ Joe. cit, fig. 10). 
3. Webbinairregularis clavata, P.& J., is also a fixed form, and consists frequently of 
a single pyriform chamber, tubular at one end, and bearing a slightly margined and semioval 
aperture at the other. The tubular portion frequently gives off another tube and chamber, 
thus almost identifying itself with the bifurcating forms of WV. irregularis proper. Common 
at great depths in the Mediterranean and South Atlantic ((Q. J. G.S.,’ loc. ectt.; Car- 
penter’s ‘ Introd.,’ /. c., figs. 6, 7). 
4. Webbina irregularis hemispherica, nov. The specimen from the Crag described 
further on, barely separable from the last. 
Trochammina (proper) is typified by Zr. squamata, P. & J., comprising five known 
varieties, which have spiral shells, more or less rotaliform in their growth. 
1. The simpler of these forms, such as Zr. sywamata incerta ( Operculina incerta, D’Orb., 
‘For. Cuba,’ p. 49, pl. 6, figs. 16,17; Sperillina arenacea, Williamson, ‘Monog. Brit. For.,’ 
p- 93, pl. 7, fig. 203 ; Ammodiscus (?), Reuss, ‘Sitz. Akad. Wien.,’ 1861, vol. xliv, p. 365), 
consist of a long, spiral, undivided chamber, having the shape of the clear, perforated, 
discoidal Spiridlina vivipara, Khrenb., and of the white opaque Cornuspira foliacea, Phil. 
Living in the Atlantic; common at great depths in the Mediterranean. Fossil in the 
Gault, Lower Oolite, &c. (See *Q. J. G. S.,’ . c. ; and Carpenter’s ‘ Introd.,’ 7. c., fig. 2). 
2. Tr. squamata charoides, P. & J.,is a similar undivided tubular chamber vertically 
spiral, presenting a resemblance to the fruit of the Chara. Common in deep water ; 
Mediterranean, Red Sea, and South Atlantic (Q.J.G.S8.,’ /.c.; and Carpenter’s ‘ Introd.,’ 
Ves te. 3). 
3. The third variety, Zr. squamata gordialis, P. and J. ((Q.J.G.S.,’ 7. ¢.; Car- 
penter’s ‘Introd. For.,’ 7. ¢., fig. 4; Parker and Jones, ‘Phil. Trans.,’ vol. clv, p. 408, 
pl. 15, fig. 32), has more than one chamber, the shell in the early stage being formed of a 
few spirally arranged, but variable chambers ; and at a later period they are moulded on 
an undivided vermiform sarcode, sometimes slightly constricted at intervals, and either 
discoidal or irregularly elevated ; often passing at nearly right angles over the primary disc, 
or forming sudden loops and twistings. It lives in the Red, Indian, and Arctic Seas. 
The “ Permian” Serpula pusilla of Schlotheim (Spirillina pusilla, Jones ; Miliola (?) pusilla, 
Kirby), and some forms of the Cretaceous (?) Zrochammina proteus of Karrer, belong to 
the same. Indeed, the excellent figures of 7: proteus, in Dr. Karrer’s paper on the Old 
Vienna Sandstone, ‘Sitz. Akad. Wien. Math.-Nat. Cl.,’ vol. lu, 1 Abth., 1865, pl. 1, 
figs. 1—8, comprise modifications of Zr. gordialis (figs. 1, 2, 3, 8), charoides (fig. 4), 
squamata (fig. 6), and irregular sguamata, or passage from lobulate gordialis to squamata 
(fig. 5). We may also remark that fig. 10 (named Cornuspira Hoernest) is probably 
Trochammina incerta. 
