A6 BRITISH SILURIAN BRACHIOPODA. 
Obs. This Lingula, although distinct, bears resemblance to some variations in shape 
of LZ. ovata, M‘Coy, a broader species. 
Position and Locality. I(t occurs at Penlan Llandovery, and Mandinam, in the Upper 
Llandovery rocks ; in Woolhope limestone at Sandbanks, Presteign; and at Ballard’s 
Quarry, the Wych, Malvern; but it is most abundant in the Wenlock shale at Buildwas, 
Wenlock Edge ; also near Dudley ; Rushall Canal, near Walsall ; Alfric Pound, Malvern ; 
also in the Lower Ludlow of Ledbury; at Barr, Staffordshire, in Woolhope limestone. 
Specimens from nearly all these localities will be found figured in our plate. 
Linauia cornza, Sow. PI. II, figs. 28—385. 
Lineura cornea, Sow. Silurian System, p. 603, pl. iii, fig. 3, 1839; Siluria, pl. xxxiv, 
fig. 2 and woodcut ; foss. 22, fig. 3, p. 156, 1859. 
— — MCoy. British Pal. Fossils, p. 251, 1852. 
Spec. Char. Oblong, sub-pentagonal ; sides straight, nearly parallel, and posteriorly 
converging bya gentle curve so as to form obtusely angular beaks; front margin nearly 
straight or gently rounded; valves moderately convex, most so near the beaks, flattened 
anteriorly ; shell thin, closely marked with delicate, slightly undulated lines or wrinkles 
of growth. A well-shaped specimen measured—Length 7, width 5 lines. 
Otis. As some difference of opinion has been expressed as to what forms should 
be referred to this important species, as well as to its stratigraphical position, we 
will enter upon a few details in connection with the subject. ZL. cornea was first 
described by Mr. J. de C. Sowerby, at p. 603 of the ‘ Silurian System (1839),’ as “com- 
pressed, oblong, rectangular, nearly half as long again as wide; texture approaching 
horny. Length 7, width 5 lines. Joc. Tin Mill, Downton, Ludlow.” In the “Ta- 
bular Lists of Organic Remains,” &c., published in the same work, Z. cornea is placed 
in a column entitled ‘ Middle and Lowest Divisions of Old Red Sandstone.” In the 
adjoining column, devoted to the “ Upper Ludlow Rock,” is placed Sowerby’s Lingula 
minima, which is described at p. 612 (pl. v, fig. 23), as follows :—‘ Oblong, elongated, 
with parallel sides, flat, smooth, and thin. Length 4 lines, width 2} lines. ‘The species of 
Lingula so nearly resemble each other, that it is difficult to distinguish them by words. 
The specimen may be the young of some other species. Locality: Delbury; Downton 
Castle.” In ‘ Siluria’ no mention is made by Mr. Salter of Z. minima; while the original 
representation of Z. cornea is given by him (namely, the one drawn in pl. i, fig. 3, of the 
‘Silurian System.’) as from “ Upper Ludlow rock, ‘Tin Mill, Downton.” He admits, in a 
letter, that this should have been “ Passage-beds.” * 
The original type of Z. coruea which occurs in the Passage-beds is variable in shape, 
1 Mr. Salter has subsequently separated these off as the lowest member of the Old Red Sandstone, and 
named them “ Ledbury shales.” See ‘ Quart. Jour. Geol. Soc.,’ vol. xix, p. 494, 1863. 
