8 PLEISTOCENE MAMMALIA. 



Dawkins and Sanford 1 (1866) include it in their list of Pleistocene mammals on 

 the evidence of the crowns of three canine teeth obtained from the caves of Bleadon 

 and Banwell, Somerset, and from one of the Gower caves (see Text-fig. 1 , o, d, and b, 

 for the Somerset specimens). It is not, however, mentioned by Falconer- in his 

 list of the Gower cave-fauna, and Woodward and Sherborn 3 do not include Gower as 

 one of the localities where its remains have been met with. Dawkins 4 in 1871 

 described a left mandibular ramus from the Plas Heaton cave, Cefn, near S. Asaph, 

 this fine specimen, which is shown in Text-fig. J, a, being now preserved in the 

 Grosvenor Museum, Chester. Finally, in 1875 Busk 5 added Creswell Crags to the 

 list of localities, though the determination was based only on two fragments of 

 pelvis (see Text- fig. 2). 



A comparatively recent continental reeord of the occurrence of the glutton is 

 by Liebe c (1879) from Vypustek in Moravia. Winterfeld 7 (1880) discussed its 

 distribution, and gave some German records of its occurrence in loess and other 

 deposits. 



Meles taxus, the Badger. 



The remains of the badger were discovered in Pleistocene caves at an early 

 date, and have been recorded from a very large number, though, perhaps, not 

 from so many as the habits of the animal would lead one to expect. 



The earliest records of the badger from Pleistocene deposits are by Schmerling 8 

 (1833), who gave good figures of the skull and limb-bones from the caves of 

 Lieo-e, and by Minister 1 (1836), who described it from the neighbourhood of 

 Baireuth. 



Both these authors regarded their species as distinct from the modern 

 species, Schmerling referring to his as Meles antediluoianus and Miinster to his 

 as Meles antiquus. 



M. de Serres, Dubrueil and Jeanjean 10 in 1839 figured a skull and other bones 

 from Lunel Viel, and affirmed the identity of the badger of the caves with 

 the recent species, a point concerning which subsequent writers have been 

 unanimous. 



1 " British Pleistocene Mammalia " (' Pal. Soc.,' 1866), pt. 1, p. 21. 



2 ' Pal. Mem.,' ii, 1868, p. 525. 3 ' Catal. Brit. Foss. Vertebrata,' 1890, p. 350. 

 4 ' Quart. Jouru. Geol. Soc.,' xxvii, 1871, p. 406. 5 Ibid., xxxi, 1875, p. 687. 

 c ' Sitzb. k. Akad. Wiss. Wien.,' lxxix, 1879, pt, 1, p. 476. 



7 ' Ueber quartiire Mustelidenreste Deutschlands,' 1886, p. 40. 



8 ' Rechercbes Oss. loss. Cavemes de Liege,' i, 1833, p. 158. 



9 > Verzeichniss der Versteinerungen . . . zu B.iireuth,' 1836, p. 87. 

 1° ' Rechercbes Oss. humatiles Cavernes de Lunel Viel,' 1839, pi. i. 



