258 



J. E. SPUKR — ORIGIN AND STRUCTURE OF THE BASIN RANGES 



and in the southern part of the state these are locally dominant. Parallel 

 with the Sierra is a belt of northeast striking major folds, and this is 

 succeeded farther east b}^ a zone of northeast axes, the two coming to- 

 gether in extreme southern Nevada (see plate 22). These fold and fault 

 systems are probably to be interpreted as manifestations of a general 

 long continued compression rather than of difi'erent forces acting sepa- 

 rately and consecutively. 



North-south 



Humboldt range. 



Pinon range. 



West Humboldt range, 



Schell Creek and High- 

 land ranges. 



White Pine mining dis- 

 trict. 



Pancake range. 

 Hot C-reek range. 



Virgin range. 

 Hyko range. 

 Piiliranagat range. 

 Timpahute range. 



Ihble of Localities of Observed heavy Faults 

 Oblique 



Northeast-southwest. 



Pifion range. 



Grapevine range. 



Northwest-southeast. 



West Humboldt range. 



East-west 



Humboldt range. 



Schell Creek and High- 

 land ranges. 



White Pine mining dis- White Pine mining dis- 

 trict, trict. 



Eureka mining district. 



Snake range. 



Grapevine range. 



(^uinn Canyon range. 



Hot Creek range. 

 Toyabe range. 

 Snake range. 

 Hyko range. 

 Pahranagat range. 

 Timpahute range. 



Havallah range. 

 Meadow Valley range. 



GENERAL RELATIONS OF FAULTS TO TOPOGRAPHY 



Where a fault or fold has deformed the surface, producing a scarp, an 

 anticlinal ridge, or synclinal valley, the topogra[)hic form may be spoken 

 of as directly due to deformation ; but where a feature of relief has been 

 carved out by atmospheric agencies (whatever may have been the gov- 

 erning influence of structure in determining lines of easiest erosion) it 

 may be considered directly due to erosion. 



Following are definitions of terms relative to the influence of faults 

 on topography : 



1. Where a fault has displaced the surface and the break remains un- 

 defaced or only slightly obscured we may call the resulting cliff a simple 

 fault-scarp. 



