47G PROCEEDINGS OF THE ALBANY MEETING 



Kittanning group. The evidence of the plants collected by the writer appears there- 

 fore to agree approximately with Doctor White's identification of the coal with the 

 Lower Kittanning. Besides noting the somewhat characteristic bony bench of the 

 bed described by Doctor White, mention should also be made of the [)resence in 

 the roof shales at Tipton of small nodular ferruginous sheets such as are found over 

 the Lower Kittanning coal at Benning, Glen White, and the Baker mines. 



As further confirming the Coal Measures age of the terrane a few of the species in 

 the Koch collection listed by Lacoe may also be mentioned. Such are the Annularia 

 sphenophylloides (Zenk.) Gutb., Sphenophiillum ohlongifolium Germ.,* Ke^iropirri''^ 

 plicata Sternb., N. desorii Lx., N. clarksoni Lx., N. vermicular ii< Lx., Linopteris 

 obliqua (Bunby), Pseudopecopteris cordato-ovata Weiss, Cardtocarpon bicuspidatiim 

 Sternb., C. orbicidare Newb., and Trlgonocarpnm IrUocidare Hild. The plants cited 

 above seem to indicate more than one horizon of the Coal Measures, and it is prob- 

 able that not all were obtained from the same bed. Thus the seeds characteristic 

 of the Upper Pottsville were perhaps obtained from an old drift in a lower bed 

 south of the tunnel, or from a lower l)ed in the tunnel itself Nenro})teriH clarksoni 

 and Linopteris oblique, while common in the Freeport group, are rare, especially so 

 the latter, in the Kittanning. Neuropleris rermicularis and N. desorii, on the con- 

 trary, belong in the middle and lower portions of the Allegheny series — that is, in 

 the Kittanning and Clarion groups. All paleol)otanists and most paleozoologists 

 will recognize the Tipton flora as a typical Coal Measures flora. 



The flora of the Pocono, as now revealed by many collections made along the 

 Appalachian trough between New York and Tennessee, is a Triphyllopterid- 

 Lepidodendron corrugatam flora. It (contains, so far as I have been able to observe, 

 not a single species of vascular plant that is present in the Allegheny series. In 

 fact the flora of the Pocono is so strikinjily dissimilar, botli in composition and in 

 rank, to that (Allegheny) found at Tipton run as to render the two floras readily 

 distinguishable to any paleont )logist who has given the plants of the two forma- 

 tions so much as a casual examination. 



The validity of Doctor White's correlation of the Tipton coals with the Alle- 

 gheny series being incontestible, it is interesting to discover the character of the 

 faulting. The observations made by the writer last summer during a half day 

 about the mines, although incomplete, show^ that the problem is a})parently simple, 

 when once search for a fault is made. A map by Mr d'Invilliers, showing the geo- 

 graphical relations of the mines, to which reference is here made, was published 

 by Ashl)urner in his 1885 report, f and was reprinted in reduced form in the Sum- 

 mary Final Report of the State Survey. t 



One-half mile west of the mouth of the Gates drift, Tipton Run side of the spur, 

 a good coal is reported from a shallow bore hole, which is evidently in Coal 

 Measures. A few rods westward, however, the terrace of westward dipping shales 

 and sandstones abuts against a knob of the green and red sandstones and shales of 

 the somewhat disturbed Lower Carboniferous. From this point, which is not far 

 from the northern border of the Tipton coalfield, the fault, which follows a slight 

 depression obliquely ci'ossing the low spur between Tipton and Loop runs, is 



* Probably a doubtful identification. 



t Report on the Tipton Run Coal Openings, Blair countj' (Coal beds in the Pooono formation, 

 no. X). Ann. Rept. Geol. Survey of Pennsylvania, 1885 (18H(j), pp. 250-285. 

 J Vol. iii, pt. i, 1893, pi. cexiii {A), p. 1(34U. 



