490 BEV. G. E. WHIDBOENE ON SOME FOSSILS 



OSTEEA EXPLANATA, Goldf. 



1768. Concha margaritifera, Knorr, Eec. vol. ii. pt. 1, t. D. 8. 

 figs. 1, 2. 



1820. Ostracites eduliformis, Schloth. Petref. p. 233 (pars)? 



1832. Ostrea eduliformis, Ziet. Yerst. Wiirtt. t. 45, fig. 1. 



1832. 0. Kunkeli, Ziet. Yerst. Wiirtt. t. 48, fig. 1 (fide Oppel). 



1834. 0. explanata, Goldf. Petr. Germ. t. 80. fig. 5. 



1834. 0. menoides, Goldf. Petr. Germ. t. 80. fig. 2. 



1836. 0. scaplia, Bom. Yerst. nordd. Ool. t. 3. fig. 1. 



1857. 0. explanata, Oppel, Wiirtt. Jahresh. xiii. p. 422. 



1858. 0. eduliformis, Querist. Jura, p. 430. 

 1864. O. explanata, Seeb. Hann. Jur. p. 92. 



1867. O. cf. eduliformis, Waagen, in Benecke geogn.-r>al. Beitr. 

 vol. i. p, 635. 



1867. O. eduliformis, Laube, Denkschr. Akad. Wiss. Wien. Band 

 xxvii. Bivalven von Balin, p. 8. 



1869. O. eduliformis, Brauns, Mittl. Jura, p. 276. 



This is a large ovoid flattish shell with a smooth surface, marked 

 only by the usual growth-lines and a few obscure and irregular 

 wrinkles or bulges. It has a large and very transverse ligament, 

 and a large circular muscle-mark. It is less inequilateral than O. 

 deltoidea, Sow., and is more convex than that species. 



There are specimens in the Bristol Museum from the Humplirie- 

 sianus-zone of Dundry ; in the Jermyn-Street Museum from Cleeve 

 Cloud ; and in the British Museum from Leckhampton. The last 

 is a very fine fossil, measuring about 5 inches in length. Sharp 

 (Q. J. G. S. vol. xxix. p. 292) quotes a " large, flat species " from 

 the Northampton Sand, Lincolnshire Limestone, and Great Oolite, 

 which is very possibly the same shell. 



Its nomenclature seems confused from the doubt whether Zieten 

 was correct in his identification of Schlotheim's shell. Quenstedt, 

 Laube, and Brauns accept his determination, while Oppel supposes it 

 to include another species. D'Orbigny, for some reason, supposes 

 O. eduliformis, Schl., and O. scaplia, Bom., to be synonyms of 

 G. dilatata, whereas Schlotheim himself describes that shell as 

 distinct. 



Yon Seebach quotes it from the '* Coronatenschichten," which seem 

 to be equivalent to our HumpJiriestanus-zone ; and Oppel gives it as 

 occurring with that Ammonite. 



As Schlotheim's shell is stated to come from the " Gryphitenkalk " 

 (=Lower Lias), to be sometimes of the size and shape of a man's 

 head, and to be known as Ostracites ponder osus, it would seem that 

 his name was probably a synonym for Hippopodium ponderosum, 

 Conj^b., and therefore that Goldfuss's name is the proper one to 

 apply to this fossil. 



Osteea Knobrii, Yoltz. Plate XV. figs. 2, 3, 3 a. 



1768. Ostrea, sp., Knorr, vol. ii. pt. 2, t. D. 5*. figs. 5, 6. 

 1832. Ostrea Knorrii (Voltz), Zieten, Yerst. Wiirtt. t. 45. fig. 2. 

 1834. O. costata (pars), Goldf. Petr. Germ. t. 72. fig. 8. 

 1 836. O. costata, Bomer, Yerst. ool. Geb. p. 59. 



