J. D. KENDALL ON HEMATITE IN THE SILURIANS. 



183 



Fig, 4. Vertical section of Haematite vein in Carboniferous Limestone 

 at ParJcside. 





0°: 



°*-^ -°- *-£*J^'£Z 



^M& 





- . «=* r a r «i y^. • ; s%."-'^- 



s«-. 



Drift. 

 Millstone Grit. 



C. Haematite. 



D. Carboniferous Limestone. 



A question which here naturally suggests itself is, Why was not 

 the ore deposited along the meridional divisional planes of the Lime- 

 stone at Water Blean, in the same way that it is in the Carboniferous 

 Limestone of Furness and Whitehaven ? To answer that question 

 it appears to me to be necessary to state that the bed -joints in the 

 Limestone at Water Blean are much more persistent than the divi- 

 sional planes are, the latter being very irregular in direction, and 

 not by any means so strong and open as the bed-joints. We should 

 therefore naturally expect the carbonated water to act most power- 

 fully on the bed-joints, as it, in my opinion, for the same reason, has 

 done on the meridional, in preference to the transverse divisional 

 planes in the Carboniferous Limestone of the district of Whitehaven 

 and Furness. 



Discussion. 



Mr. Foebes considered that this paper was equivalent to a with- 

 drawal on the part of the author of the opinions expressed in his 

 former paper. Mr. Forbes maintained that the direction of the 

 vein-like deposits is due to their being formed in preexisting fissures, 

 into which the haematite has been injected. When haematite is 

 found in caverns it has been washed in by water. 



Prof. Hughes thought that the only rule as to the mode of oc- 

 currence of these deposits was dependent on the direction of the 

 joints and bedding, pointing out that in the Mountain Limestone it 

 was determined chiefly by the joints, while in the highly inclined 

 Coniston Limestone the ore was found along the Limestone bands, 

 which were separated by impervious shales. 



Mr. Waktngton W. Smyth remarked that this is a problem in the 

 investigation of which great caution is necessary. In some localities 

 undoubtedly the veins of haematite have a general direction ; and in 

 many cases there is a considerable coincidence of the veins of 

 haematite with joints. 



