204 ON THE GLACIAL GEOLOGY OF EAST ANGLIA. 



there is with regard to those extensive coast-beds which occur all 

 along the coast from Yarmouth to Cromer, and especially what evi- 

 dence we have as to the so-called Upper Boulder-clay on the coast 

 being really newer than the great mass of the drift of high Suffolk. 



Prof. Eamsay thought that the question raised by Mr. Maw had 

 been thoroughly discussed at the last meeting of the Society. He 

 had had much pleasure in listening to Mr. Penning's paper, because 

 that gentleman seemed to have aimed at getting rid of the infinite 

 refinements in the classification of these beds as Upper, Lower, and 

 Middle Glacial deposits, these things being generally treated in such 

 a manner as to produce, at least in the popular mind, a notion that 

 these deposits are of as great importance as Upper and Lower Silu- 

 rian, for example, with beds thousands of feet thick. He thought 

 that the effects of Glacial action had been immensely exaggerated, 

 and believed that all the great features of the country existed before 

 the Glacial period. 



The President (Mr. Evans) considered Mr. Penning's paper of great 

 importance from two points of view — first, with respect to the sequence 

 of the Glacial beds, and, secondly, with regard to the Cambridge valley. 

 He thought that the author's views as to the southern part of the 

 Cambridge valley would be borne out when he came to examine the 

 portion north of the Lark, and further north in the neighbourhood 

 of Brandon, where he would be able to trace the connexion between 

 the Glacial and Postglacial gravels. With regard to the ice-cap, 

 there were certain points that deserve great attention, especially the 

 question whence are derived the materials of the Boulder-clay. 

 These seem to be in great measure derived from the Upper Cre- 

 taceous and Tertiary beds in the neighbourhood. And in some cases 

 unworn flints show glacial scratches ; hence he suggested that 

 inquiry should be made whether they were due to local glaciers. 



The Author, in reply, stated that the Cambridge valley was ex- 

 cavated in Preglacial times. There is no evidence of extended de- 

 nudation in Glacial times, but only of local unconformity. 



