248 W. BOYD DAWKINS ON THE MAMMALIA AND 



The faunas of the three lowest stages in the cave present no 

 important differences worthy of note, with the exception of that 

 between the breccia and the cave-earth already pointed out — a dif- 

 ference, be it remarked, that may be the result of one animal falling 

 more easily into the hands of man than another, and not of a change 

 in the fauna of the district. 



9. Notes on Species. 

 Order CARNIYORA. 



Lion. — The Lion is represented by three canines, two worn down 

 to the stump and one belonging to a young adult, and by ml. 

 These teeth belong to four individuals, and are rather smaller than 

 the average of those from the British caves described in the Mono- 

 graph on Felis spelcea by Mr. Ayshford Sanford and myself (Pal. 

 Soc. 1866 et seq.) 



Spotted Hyaena. — The cave variety of the Spotted Hyaena is 

 proved to have inhabited the cave through many generations by the 

 numerous jaws and teeth of all ages, ranging from whelphood to 

 the extreme of old age. All the jaws are gnawed to the patterns 

 figured in Buckland's ' Reliquiae Diluvianae,' pis. 3, 4, 5, and in 

 ' Cave-hunting,' fig. 92. 



Fox (Canis vulpes). — A femur, two lower jaws, and a few 

 separate teeth fall within the limits of size offered by the corre- 

 sponding parts of the common Fox ; and I therefore regarded them 

 as belonging to that rather than to the arctic species, which has 

 been determined by Prof. Busk, F.R.S., from a neighbouring cave 

 (Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc. 1875, p. 686). 



Wolf. — The jaws, teeth, and phalanges of Wolf cannot be distin- 

 guished from those of the Canis lupus of Europe and Asia. They 

 belonged to adult animals. 



Bear. — The teeth of Bear (consisting of canines, premolars, and 

 molars) indicate the existence of two closely allied forms. One of 

 the canines is identical with that of U. arctos, while the rest, and 

 the molars and premolars, are undistinguishable from those of the 

 U. ferooc or Grisly Bear as defined by Prof. Busk. None of them 

 belong to cubs. 



With regard to the further question as to whether the two Bears 

 are closely related species, or well-marked varieties of one species, 

 speech may be silvern, but silence is golden. The examination of a 

 vast number of the remains of fossil Bears in this country and on 

 the continent has forced on my mind the extreme difficulty of 

 defining the one from the other from the study of the hard parts. 

 Both forms, however, are quite distinct from the largest of the cave- 

 haunting Bears (Ursus spelceus). 



