22 PROCEEDINGS OF THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY. [Juiie 3, 



Now, if it be asked, whether the limestone of Klinteberg can be 

 separated, as in the general section, fig. 11, from that of Wisby and 

 Hog Klint, I reply, that in the absence of positive proof of super- 

 position in this fiat region, I have only ventured to do so from the 

 preceding and following balance of evidence. 



Whilst, as already stated, the surface of the limestone of Wisby 

 and Hog Klint declines gradually to the south, and apparently 

 passes under the shale and limestone of Klinteberg, distinct proofs 

 will presently be given of a positive succession to younger strata in 

 the southern and south-eastern parts of the island. My belief there- 

 fore, as drawn from this analogy, is, that the limestone of Klinte- 

 berg (^) and its underlying shale (A) stand in the place of the 

 Aymestry limestone and its underlying British stratum, the Lower 

 Ludlow rock. 



This suggestion is sustained by the collocation in the Klinteberg 

 of abundant Pentaraeri, very closely allied to P. Knightii, with Tere- 

 bratula Wilsoni, fossils which have not been observed in the northern 

 masses of limestone. Moreover, we found in the shale at Klinte (or 

 at Djupviken near it) the Ortkoceras Ludense and O. annulatum, 

 both of which species in England are chiefly found in the shale 

 beneath the Aymestry limestone. These, with other Orthoceratites 

 peculiarly characteristic of the Lower Ludlow rock of England, 

 occur also at Grogarn and Kathamarsvik on the eastern or opposite 

 side of the island in this parallel. These zoological facts, combined 

 with the lithological changes above-stated, induce me therefore to 

 repose confidence in the belief that the strata are arranged in an 

 ascending series from N.W. to S.E. 



But besides these fossils, so typical of the Aymestry and Lower 

 Ludlow rocks, there are, it must be admitted, other shells, such as 

 the Leptcbna depressa, Terebratula pUcatella^ and numerous corals, 

 which are identical with those of the northern or Wisby limestone. 

 Such ho\vever is the case in England also, there being very few 

 Aymestry or Lower Ludlow fossils which have not been detected 

 in the Wenlock formation of Siluria. 



On the whole therefore I think that the Klinteberg strata are on 

 the parallel of the central and lower parts of the Ludlow rocks. 



Passing from the environs of Klinte southwards to Burge, we 

 next travelled over a flat tract covered with detritus and osar; but 

 having reached Grotlingbo, we found solid strata at the surface of a 

 plateau about seventy feet above the sea. Here, at all events, it was at 

 once evident, from the lithological aspect of the rocks alone, that we 

 had reached a formation essentially different from any which we had 

 seen in the northern and central parts of the island. (See PI. L 

 fig. 11, 2.) In the common to the south of the church of Grotlingbo, 

 quarries have been pretty extensively opened in the rock, which 

 unlike the crystalline limestone of the north is a peculiar sandy cal- 

 careous grit, with beds and inosculating courses of a white pisolite, 

 in parts a perfect oolite, and these beds graduate downwards into 

 strata of very fine-grained, finely laminated and slightly calcareous 

 earthy sandstone, having a yellowish exterior and a bluish nucleus, 

 the beds of which thicken downwards. 



