34? PROCEEDINGS OF THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY. [June S, 



bodies, with fragments of Ortlioceratites and many true Upper Si- 

 lurian corals, Favosites ( Calamopora) Gothlandica, F. polymorphtty 

 Aulopora serpens, with many fragments of Encrinites, &c. 



This rock is an earthy, flat-bedded, grey limestone, with light 

 grey shale, and is very slightly inclined. It is, in fact, a portion 

 of the rock which has been worked in old quarries through the 

 drift clay of the adjacent low plateau (Karsbye and Skartofta). It 

 is in some places an absolute coral reef, loaded with many charac- 

 teristic Wenlock species. In descending along the course of a little 

 streamlet which runs from the western side of this plateau into the 

 lake of Vomb (Vombsjon), we found the above-mentioned limestone 

 surmounted by grey and greenish shale and hard flag-like limestone, 

 with fragments of Trilobites, an elongated Avicula, Orthoceratites, 

 Tentaculites, and a small Battus, (^Agnostus) the very same species as 

 that which occurs in the uppermost Silurian rocks of England and 

 Gothland (see {i,j,) of Gothland, PI. I. fig. II and 12). These 

 earthy, flag-like limestones, of compact character and flat conchoidal 

 fracture, and which are not burnt for lime, are called " Ahlsten" by 

 the peasants, and are clearly distinguished by them from the true 

 limestone, or " Kalksten." 



The succeeding and apparently overlying rock (though no abso- 

 lute junction was detected by us) is a reddish, earthy, finely mica- 

 ceous sandstone, laminated with purple streaks, small quarries of 

 which have been opened on the left bank of the little brook which 

 works the Skartofta mill. Though at a low level where we ex- 

 amined it, this rock rises into woodlands from 100 to 200 feet above 

 the level of the adjacent lake, where it affords a fine building-stone, 

 and in the village of Ofved Kloster it is penetrated by a red, earthy 

 porphyry. (See PI. I. fig. 13. p. *.) 



From its red colour and association with porphyry. Professor 

 Forchhammer was at first disposed to consider it as a representative of 

 the Old red sandstone. After an inspection, however, of the casts 

 of fossils which it contains in several localities, particularly to the 

 north of our line of section, and which were submitted to us by Pro- 

 fessor Forchhammer, I have little doubt that this sandstone must be 

 classed as an Upper Silurian rock, of about the same age as the Upper 

 Ludlow rocks of England; since it contains forms of Cypricardia and 

 Avicula, with Turritellse and the Leptcena lata, which cannot be 

 distinguished from English species of that age (see also i,j in the 

 Gothland section, PI. I. fig. 11). 



In the neighbourhood of the Ring Lake to the north of our line 

 of section (Ringsjon), these uppermost Silurian strata further con- 

 tain the Avicula retraflexa and the Cyilieriiia Baltica of Gothland ; 

 and as in that latitude there are also black shale and limestone with 

 Lower Silurian fossils, there can be no doubt, that there also both 

 Upper and Lower Silurian strata exist, though I cannot define 

 their boundaries. It is also worthy of remark, that although the 

 true lower Orthoceratite limestone has not been detected in Scania, 

 the Asaphus expansus, one of the most characteristic species of that 

 age, is found whenever small bands of limestone of black colour are 



