STRICKLAND ON THE FOSSILS OF CEPIIALONIA. 109 



Nos. 10 to 16 are seen on the left of the road in ascending to- 

 wards the quarries. On the right, at the distance of about 100 

 yards, the rock No. 17 juts out abruptly and unconformably to the 

 tertiary series. It consists of a fine-grained whitish limestone, simi- 

 lar in appearance to that of Malta, and like it probably belonging to 

 the Miocene age. It is here largely quarried, and transported to 

 Argostoli and other places for building. The stone is soft and 

 easily worked, but decays if much exposed to the sea-air. Fossils 

 are rare in it, but we noticed a large species of Pecten, and were 

 shown one or two shark's teeth which had been found here. At the 

 quarries this rock dips about 10° to the S.S.W., but in a valley half 

 a mile to the east it has an easterly dip, and if viewed at this point 

 alone might be supposed to underlie conformably the bed No. 1 1 of 

 the tertiary series which composes the opposite side of the valley. 

 The relations of these rocks to the secondary limestones, which 

 form the mountain ridge on the west, must be worked out by ob- 

 servers who have more leisure than was at our command. 



APPENDIX BY MR. STRICKLAND. 



The Pliocene portion of the beds above described may be classed 

 under three principal divisions, — the calcareo-arenaceous beds, con- 

 sisting of Nos, 1 and 2 in the section, — the argillaceous, comprising 

 Nos. 3 to 10, — and the gypseous, including Nos. 11 to 16. These 

 divisions are of importance, because a similar arrangement prevails 

 in the tertiary beds of the isle of Zante, of which 1 have published a 

 description in the Geological Transactions, (2nd Series, vol. v. p. 403). 



The total number of fossil species found in these beds is upwards 

 of ninety, but as some of them are not easilj'' determinable, and as 

 the microscopic species are not yet examined, the number included 

 in the following list is only 84. The remarks of M. Deshayes and 

 of Prof. E. Forbes, which were made independently of each other, 

 are respectively distinguished by the letters D and F. Where these 

 letters are wanting, the specific names have been determined by 

 myself from the works of Brocchi and others. 



A considerable number of the species enumerated are now living 

 in the Mediterranean. A comparison of their distribution as fossils 

 with that of their recent homologues*, as shown in the valuable 

 tables presented by Prof. E. Forbes in his Report on JEgesm Inverte- 

 brata (Report of Brit. Assoc. 1843), enables us to determine ap- 

 proximately the depths at which the several beds were deposited. 

 The highly fossiliferous beds 1 to 8 are about 105 fathoms thick, 



* The word homology having recently been introduced into this country by 

 Prof. Owen as a term of Comparative Anatomy, and being in fact identical with 

 affinity as opposed to analogy (see Philos. Mag. s. 3. vol. xxviii. p. 357), I venture 

 to recommend the adoption of the word homologue in place of the usual but in- 

 accurate term analogue, to express those recent and fossil species which are either 

 actually identical or are allied by very close affinity to each other. The term 

 analogue might still be retained for those distinct groups of animals which dis- 

 charged analogous functions at successive geological epochs ; thus the Zoophagou$ 

 Gasteropoda of the tertiary and recent period are analogues of the Cephalopoda 

 which prevailed in the oohtic series, the existing Chiroptera are analogues of the 

 Pierodactyles, the Decapodous Crustacea of the TriloMtes, &c. 



