244 PROCEEDINGS OF THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY. [Feb. 24, 



every direction. To the westward this sandstone rises with a gradual 

 slope high onto the range of the Blue Mountains, with the infe- 

 rior rocks and the coal-measures exposed in the depth of some of its 

 gullies. To the north it rises into a widely-spread rocky district, 

 from beneath which come out the coal-beds now worked at Newcastle 

 on the river Hunter. To the south, as already described, it rises 

 into the sandstone ranges, the escarpment of which overlooks the 

 Illawarra district, the inferior coal-measures being again exposed below 

 it. Towards the east it rises with a veiy gradual slope, but before it 

 has attained any considerable elevation is cut oif by the sea, which, 

 as before explained, has penetrated into its winding gullies in this 

 portion and formed the harbours of Port Jackson and Broken Bay. 



The city of Sydney stands, I believe, just on the uppermost beds of 

 the Sydney sandstone, near the passage of that mass of rock into the 

 upper shales. Considerable beds of shale are indeed to be seen around 

 the town, resting on and interstratified with the sandstones. If this 

 be correct, the beds of coal are about 1 100 or 1200 feet below the city 

 of Sydney, and still deeper at the town of Paramatta and in the cen- 

 tral portion of the county of Cumberland. 



The series of rocks now described are by no means set forth as 

 representing the whole palaeozoic formations of New South Wales. 

 There are very probably higher beds than the upper shales here men- 

 tioned, as there are certainly much lower beds than the Wollongong 

 sandstones. The limestones of the Yass country will probably be 

 found to be below the whole of the rocks mentioned in this paper. 



As a general observation, I would remark on the perfect conforma- 

 bility of the whole series of rocks here described and their gradual 

 transition from one into the other. They evidently form part of one 

 great and continuously deposited formation. 



From a collection transmitted by Mr. Clarke to the "Woodwardian 

 museum of Cambridge, I have been permitted, by the kindness of 

 Professor Sedgwick, to select the following fossils in addition to those 

 already mentioned. They come chiefly from the valley of the Hunter ; 

 the vegetable remains from the coal-measures at Newcastle ; but I do 

 not know the precise geological or geographical locality of the other 

 fossils. 



Plants. 



Glossopteris Browniana. Pecopteris australis. 



Vertebraria indica. Phyllotheca australis. 



Animals. 



Favosites gothlandica. Two species of Leptaena. 



One species of Crinoides, apparently A Terebratula. 



related to Platycrinus. A Eurydesma. 



A form belonging to the Radiata, and An Inoceramus. 



resembling an Echinoderm. A Pleurotomaria. 



A small Trilobite. And a Conularia. 

 Two new species of Spirifer. 



