342 PROCEEDINGS OF THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY. [April 28, 



I obtained the above section from a transverse cleft dividing the 

 range, like many others in the neighbourhood ; and from the base of 

 one of them a hot spring issues, the water of which is highly saline. 

 The curvature of the beds composing the range of hill on the western 

 side of the valley is indeed very interesting, and would at once arrest 

 the attention of the most unobservant person. The bed of the stream 

 (for the most part dry) has a mean breadth of about ten yards. I 

 followed it in a southerly direction for about four miles with the 

 same mural precipices on either side of me : the mural beds to the 

 eastward have evidently been thrown over at the time of upheaval, 

 and were once an overlying portion of the formation to the west. 

 The outer or more eastern face (that next the Indus) is a heap 

 of ruins or debris, composed of angular blocks of the same rock, of 

 all sizes, and from the base of this, for two miles towards the Indus, 

 there is a "boulder gravel," derived from the disintegrated conglo- 

 merate. The upper beds of this range are similar to the Kurrachee 

 rock No. 6, and in the clefts are seen to rest on No. 7. The fossils 

 in the rock in the vicinity of the hot springs are almost obliterated, 

 a circumstance previously remarked near the hot springs of Munga- 

 Peer. I entered the valley by a narrow cleft in the eastern barrier 

 opposite to the village of Luckee ; the stream of the valley finds 

 egress at the same point. Opposite to the pass, and on the western 

 side of the valley, there is another hot spring ; the water of which 

 is highly mineral, and contains sulphur combined with calcareous 

 matter and some salt ; it is of the colour of soap-ley and also deter- 

 gent. A dense scum is constantly rising to the surface of the pond 

 over the spring: some Sindees, who appear to be constantly in 

 attendance here, skim it off, and when a sufficient quantity is col- 

 lected, take it away for the purpose of obtaining the sulphur which 

 it contains. They were averse to answering my questions, and would 

 give me no information as to the quantity obtained in the process. 

 I noticed that a quantity of air is extricated from the spring, and is 

 constantly rising in bubbles to the surface. The whole valley smells 

 strong of sulphuretted hydrogen, which to some persons is very 

 oppressive, causing violent headache. Near the spring, in a perpen- 

 dicular face of rock beyond my reach, a hole about three inches in 

 diameter was pointed out by my guide ; some years since an inflam- 

 mable gas issued from this, and having become ignited, was known 

 and revered by the Sindees under the name of " Puri ka Chiragh," 

 or the Peris Lamp. It became extinguished some time ago (as the 

 Sindees say) because some impure idolator had bathed in the well. 



The water which runs from this spring has great reputation 

 amongst the natives of this country as a remedy in cutaneous dis- 

 eases. I noticed that it encrusts leaves, branches, &c. with a calca- 

 reous coating, and I found some of the species of Melania, so common 

 in Sinde, living in the stream. This is worthy of notice, because the 

 water is so strongly impregnated with saline matter that it is not 

 drinkable. From hence to near Sehwan the character of the range 

 is the same ; at about the fourth mile the Indus washes its base, and 

 the cliff next the river is in ruins, composed of angular blocks of all 



