1847.] VICARY ON THE GEOLOGICAL STRUCTURE OF SINDE. 349 



north as a point nearly west of Larkhana (lat. 27° 30'), a distance of 

 about 200 miles, my operations being chiefly confined to the eastern 

 aspect of the range. I found the formation uniform, exhibiting 

 everywhere the same tertiary (or infero-tertiary) character. 



During February and March 1845, I had an opportunity of seeing, 

 and forwarded a report upon, the mountains of Beloochistan, in which 

 Deyrah and Kahun of the Maps is situated. These mountains are 

 east of Dadur and the Bolan Pass, and belong to the same formation ; 

 agreeing thus far with the Hala Range, as above noticed ; but the val- 

 leys and ranges near Deyrah have nearly an east and west direction ; 

 this direction alters towards the north, until these mountains pass 

 into the Sulleemaun Range. I gained some little information with 

 respect to the latter from a kind of clay which is sent in considerable 

 quantities into Hindostan as a colouring substance for walls, &c. ; it 

 is well known in India under the name of " Mooltaunee Multee ;^' in 

 this I found fossils agreeing closely with those of some beds in the 

 Hala Range ; I strongly suspect therefore that the formations of Sinde 

 are continued along the base of the Sulleemaun Mountains up to the 

 base of the Himalayas. 



Though perhaps out of place, I am anxious to add a few words with 

 respect to my observations at Subathoo during the last rains. Close 

 to the European barracks I found some large masses of rock, which 

 had been removed for the purpose of forming level ground to build 

 upon. In some of them I noticed fossil bones, and I had one large 

 mass, weighing four cwt., conveyed to my house ; but the stone 

 is intensely hard, and all my efforts to disengage an entire speci- 

 men have failed. On inquiry, the Hill-men pointed out several 

 other localities where fossil bones were found, viz. in the Hurreepoor 

 valley between Subathoo and Simla, and a part of the valley sepa- 

 rating Subathoo from Kussowlee. I hope to be able to visit these 

 places after my return to Subathoo. In the meantime, the existence 

 of fossil bones at Subathoo is certain. Some thin beds of a very hard 

 blue limestone abounding with fossil shells pass directly through the 

 station. Further down the hill there are beds of a pale-yellow slaty rock 

 in a fissured and decomposing state, in which I found nummulites 

 abundant, and the casts of one species of moUusk. My observations 

 at Subathoo were limited, as I only remained a few months, and that 

 during the rainy season. All my Sinde specimens are at Subathoo, and 

 I am consequently unable to give any account of them at present, but 

 hope to do so shortly after the return of my regiment to that station. 



I trust that my slender geological knowledge will be a sufficient 

 apology for all errors in the above notes. The little I know has been 

 learned in this country, and for the most part in the field of nature. 

 If these rough notes add ever so little to the geological history of cur 

 globe, I shall be delighted, and seek no better reward. 

 I am, Sir, your obedient servant, 

 Jullunder, . N. ViCARY, 



10th February, 1847. Captain 2nd Bengal Europ. Regt. 



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