1847.] PRESTWICH ON THE LONDON CLAY. 369 



logons to that just described, and only differing from it in proportion 

 as it advances eastward, and the series of beds becomes more ex- 

 panded. 



At Pebble Hill, near Hungerford, which is distant about thirty- 

 five miles north from Clarendon Hill, we find in some abundance in 

 the clays over the mottled clays — 



Panopaea intermedia, Sow. ? Pinna affinis, Sow. 



Pectuneulus brevirostris, Sow. 



In the pebble bed in junction with the mottled clays, at various 

 places in the neighbourhood of Newbury and Kingsclere, Bitrupa 

 plana abounds. These are fossils characteristic of the lower beds 

 of the London clay ; but no opportunity offers for obtaining any con- 

 siderable variety of organic remains until we reach the vicinity of 

 Basingstoke. At Chinham, one mile north of that town, a cutting on 

 the Reading railway shows the mottled red clays overlaid by lami- 

 nated sands and brown clays mixed with green sand, and with patches of 



Cytherea obliqua, Natica glaucinoides, 



Ditrupa plana, Cardium Plumsteadiense ?, and 



Pectuneulus brevirostris. Teeth of Lamnae ; 



(point ^ in fig. 8 of Comp. Sections, Plate XIV.) . At a further distance 

 of two miles on the same line, in a considerable clay cutting at Cuffell, 

 we find a section very similar, both lithologically and zoologically, to 

 that at Clarendon Hill*. In both localities there is the same remark- 

 able abundance of the PanopcEa imbedded in the clays, in a vertical 

 position similar to that which the recent species assume in their living 

 habitats at the present day, proving the quiescent deposition of these 

 portions of the strataf . The Pholadomya and Pinna, the latter of 

 which attains an unusually large size at Cuffell, exhibits also there 

 the same peculiarity of position. 



The fauna here becomes much more varied, comprehending nearly 

 60 species, in the determination of which I am much indebted to Mr. 

 Morris. He has visited with me Cuffell and Newnham ; and as this 

 and most of the other lists have been revised by him and Mr. Edwards, 

 I give them with much more confidence. 



Fossils from the London Clay at CuffellX, three miles north of 

 Basingstoke. 

 Area impolita ?, Sow. Cardium nitens, Sow. 



Bulla. Cassidaria striata. Sow. 



Cancellaria laeviuscula, Sow. Cerithium. 



* The Cuffell cutting is however rather higher in the series than that at 

 Clarendon Hill. Possibly between 100 and 200 feet above the mottled clays. 



t Dr. Fitton has called my attention to the occurrence of the same interesting 

 exhibition of present habits in past states, exhibited by the Panopcea and Pinna 

 in the lowest beds of the lower greensand. 



X Mr. Edward Cole, one of the under-engineers on that line of railway, has, on 

 the several occasions that I have visited this section, afforded me every assistance. 

 Having superintended this portion of the work, he has had a favourable opportunity, 

 which he has not allowed to pass, of malcing a complete collection of the organic 

 remains occurring at Cuffell. He has given me many specimens which I had not 

 met with, and I am glad to say has recorded many good geological facts connected 

 with the dip, thickness, &c. of the strata. 



