150 PROCEEDINGS OF THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY. [NoV. 21, 



caused apparently by the eruption of igneous rocks to wluch the trap 

 of Leiria belongs : one mile south of the toTvn are some beds of grey 

 argillaceous limestone, dipping E.S.E. 30° ; a httle farther south the 

 road crosses several beds of limestone alternating with sandstone, dip 

 S.S.E. 45°. Some of the limestones are full of a small oyster, others 

 are almost entirely composed of the shells of Ferna rugosa, Goldfuss, 

 a shell found in Germany among the oolites : perhaps a Jurassic bed 

 of limestone is here thrown up to the surface, among the sand- 

 stones of the subcretaceous series. Near Batalha we escape from the 

 disturbing influence of the trap, and the beds resume their more usual 

 dip of N.N.W. 10°; among some other small shells, I found be- 

 tween Leiria and Batalha Corbula carinatal, D'Orbigny, a greensand 

 species. Some considerable beds of hmestone pass through Aljubarota, 

 running S.S.W. with a dip varying between S.W. 10° and N.E. 5° : 

 they contain 



Perna lanceolata, Geinitz. Trigonia, a fragment. 



Lithodomus prselongus?, D'Orb. Corals, various. 



Below this to the eastward are the usual sands, with a thick bed of 

 limestone near Candieiros, containing 



Terebratula Moutoniana, D'Orb. 



These fossils show that the beds all belong to the subcretaceous 

 series*. 



From Carvalhos near Batalha to the southern extremity of Monte 

 Junto, the subcretaceous beds rest unconformably and at a low angle 

 on the base of the high ridge of hills of Jurassic limestone already 

 alluded to, in which the beds, dipping to the east or west in different 

 parts of their courses, are frequently highly inclined and much dis- 

 turbed. 



The country between the Jurassic Hmestone beds just mentioned 

 and the sea consists for the most part of sand and sandstone, and for 

 many miles round Caldas da Bainha there is scarcely a trace of lime- 

 stone : the sand beds in that neighbourhood probably belong to the 

 upper part of the series, which is everywhere principally composed of 

 ferruginous sands f. 



The subcretaceous beds continue to cover the country to the south- 

 ward, but I am not able to give a connected account of them in that 

 direction, and must pass on to the country covered by them to the 

 north-west of Lisbon and north of Cintra. 



The uppermost beds of the subcretaceous series near Lisbon are 

 the ferruginous sands which come out from below the hippurite 

 limestone along a line reaching from the coast of the Bay of Cascaes 

 nearly to Loures, usually with a considerable dip to the S.W. ; these 



* Some additional specimens since received make it probable that the limestones 

 of Leiria and Aljubarota belong to the lowest part of tlie subcretaceous series, and 

 may be identical with the limestones seen between Sobral and Torres Vedras and 

 at Alenquer. 



t A bed of asphalte has been found in this part of the series to the west of 

 Alcabaca, but I can give no details respecting it, as I did not visit the spot. 



