1849.] SHARPS ON THE SECONDARY ROCKS OF PORTUGAL. 151 



contain some beds of red and variegated marls, and the thin bed of 

 lignite mentioned in my former paper (p. 119). Below these we find 

 a great thickness of limestones, alternating first with sandstone and 

 lower down with shale, very rich in fossils; these beds encircle the Cintra 

 hills, near which they are thrown up to a high angle : details of their 

 position will be found in the sections pi. 15 of the sixth volume of 

 our * Transactions.' The lower part of this series was separated in my 

 former paper under the name of the " Espichel Limestone,"' but a 

 farther examination of the country and a careful scrutiny of large collec- 

 tions of fossils from both parts of the series have convinced me that 

 the whole belong to one formation, and that the separation of the 

 Espichel Limestone must be given up. 



I have also to correct an error in mapping the district on the north 

 side of the Cintra hills (vol. vi. pi. 14 and 15, sections 2 and 5), 

 where the San Pedro limestone and slate-clay are marked as if con- 

 tinued round the north side of the chain. These two formations are 

 well exposed on the east side of the Cintra hills, but they stop a little 

 to the north of the village of San Pedro, and from Cintra to the coast 

 the subcretaceous limestones rest immediately on the granite. The 

 limestones in contact with the granite are all altered into white semi- 

 crystalline marble, and this uniformity of their mineral character led 

 me to refer them all to one formation at a time when I had not stu- 

 died their different organic remains. 



The cliffs north of Cape Rock afford excellent opportunities for ex- 

 amining the beds of the calcareous division of the formation and for 

 collecting their fossils in great abundance. The lowest beds which 

 abut against the granite are nearly perpendicular, the limestones are 

 much altered in character, and the shells contained in them are too 

 much flattened to be identified ; among these a gigantic Area is the 

 most abundant. The next beds are seen at the Praia de Adrarga, 

 those a little higher in the series at the Praia de Ma9ams and Praia 

 de Lagoa, at all of which localities organic remains are very abundant : 

 the following lists contain those which I collected. With the single 

 exception of Nerincea cylindrica, all the previously known species 

 found in these localities belong either to the chalk or the greensand, 

 and many of them are also found in the hippurite limestone close to 

 Lisbon ; therefore these calcareous beds clearly belong to the subcre- 

 taceous series, of which they form the middle portion. The Nerincea 

 cylindrica is found in Germany among the oolites, but it was seen 

 again near Coimbra in the upper beds of the subcretaceous series. 



Organic remains found in the cliffs at the Praia de Madams, north 

 of the Cintra hills. 



Diadema rude, n. s. Artemis inelegans, n. s. 



Nerinaea Titan, n. s. Diceras Favri, n. s. 



Olisiponensis, n. s. Exogyra plicata. Lam. 



Turritella Cintrana, n. s. Ostraea prselonga, n. s. 



Renauxiana, D'Orb. Pecten quinquecostatus, Sow. 



Anomia convexa, Sow. Spheerulites Marticensis ?, D'Orb. sp. 



laevigata, Sow. undetermined. 



M 2 



